H2Tech - Q3 2022 - 12

VIEWPOINT
there is a central source of CO2 (e.g., an
industrial complex or a cement-manufacturing
facility), a CCUS-friendly rock
formation might be available within a reasonable
distance.
Much of the knowledge and technology
needed for CCUS is readily available,
from geological research performed by
governments to existing oil and gas exploration
technologies that can be readily
repurposed to find CCUS sites.
CCUS sites require more than suitable
geology. One requirement is proximity to
sources of CO2
, possibly in a hub layout
where pipelines carry CO2 from various
is best pipelined in a
producers to a central site for injection
underground. CO2
supercritical state, at higher temperatures
and pressures, where it is dense like a liquid
but flows more like a gas. Because of
this, it is uneconomical to transport for
long distances. Other feasibility factors
include the availability of electricity from
renewable sources to power the pumps
and other equipment to reduce the carbon
footprint further.
Proving it with measurement, monitoring
and verification. Companies
undertaking CCUS projects must ensure
that their project can sequester the expected
amounts of CO2
at the projected
rate and cost. They must also show stakeholders-including
financial sources,
shareholders, governments and communities-that
the project will safely store
the CO2
underground over the long term.
FIG. 1. Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is emerging as a sustainable solution
to reduce carbon emissions and the greenhouse effect.
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Without these assurances, project credibility
can be lost. This has led to the rise
of measurement, monitoring and verification
(MMV) as a discipline. Like site
selection, MMV requires a wide range of
skill sets and credible work by an independent,
trusted third party with the necessary
skilled professionals on staff.
To tie the pieces together, a true mulBE
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tidisciplinary team is required: this is not
just about having all the specific disciplines
working on their piece of the project
individually. It requires integration between
the disciplines each step of the way,
as decisions in one area can drastically
alter the outcomes in another area. Professional
firms like the author's can bring
together a wide range of skillsets, including
sedimentary geology, well engineering,
pipeline design, facilities design, and
others. Significant help in site selection
and MMV can also be provided to guide
CCUS projects to successful completion.
The time for CCUS is now. The future
is bright for CCUS. There is an increased
sense of urgency, more funding is available,
and companies are under increasing pressure
to get results around environment, social
and governance (ESG) benchmarks.
The time for CCUS technology is now,
and the need has never been greater.
LITERATURE CITED
International Energy Agency (IEA), " Putting
CO2
emissions, " 2021.
12 Q3 2022 | H2-Tech.com
to use-Global Energy Review 2021: CO2

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