HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition - 31

Sustainability
recovery ratio, capture amount and steam consumption
rate to be maintained, even if the CO2
concentration
in the flue gas changes significantly.
2. An improved amine emissions reduction system that
reduces the loss of solvent. The improved system
reduces amine emissions by more than 90% compared
to the conventional system.
3. The recently improved energy saving system improves
energy efficiency by reducing steam consumption by 5%.
However, such hindered amine-based processes are generally
very sensitive to SO2 and (in particular) sulfur trioxide (SO3
)
impurities; therefore, they require additional, deeper desulfurization
of the flue gas-implying increased CAPEX compared
to the CAAP route.
OASE Blue Technology for CO2
capture. Linde and BASF
Group are jointly developing a post-combustion capture technology
using BASF's novel amine blended solvent comprising
aqueous solutions of the tertiary amine methyl diethanolamine
(MDEA) and 10 wt% of additive cyclic diamine (piperazine).17
This technology offers significant benefits for CO2
capture as it
saves 20% on energy input over CAAP and has superior oxygen
stability, significantly reducing solvent consumption. This collaboration
completed a pilot-sale demonstration at the National
Carbon Capture Center (NCCC) on a coal-fired power plant flue
gas in 2014, and final commissioning was completed in January
2015. The design capacity of the operation was 1 MWe-1.5 MWe
and it requires less regeneration energy (2.8 GJ/metric t of CO2
)
than the conventional amine process at regenerator pressure of
3.4 bar absolute. The pilot plant captures up to 30 tpd of CO2
more than 90% capture rate, and CO2
at
purity was > 99.9%. BASF
and The Linde Group's Engineering Division have agreed to further
develop the process with demonstrations at other facilities.
Carbon Clean Solution Ltd. (CCSL) technology for CO2
capture. CCSL has developed a process, CDRMax™, that operates
at near atmospheric pressure, enabling 95% CO2
The salient features of the technology are:
* Reduction in energy consumption of 27%
* Loss of amine solvent reduced by eight times
* Reduction in equipment corrosion by seven times
* Reduction in amine emissions by five times.
CCSL can capture CO2
recovery
and > 99% purity that can be used to produce fuels and chemicals.18
at
the cost of $30/metric t, while
other available technologies achieve $45/metric t-$60/metric
t. The company's first plant, with a capacity of 60,000 metric
tpy, came online in 2016 in partnership with Tuticorin Alkali
Chemicals and Fertilizers in India; the plant converts recovered
CO2
from its coal-fired boiler into soda ash. The technology
uses a solvent called amine promoted buffer salt (APBS), which
causes less corrosion. The APBS is a mixture of hindered amine
(2-amino-2-methyl-1, 3-propandiol), potassium salt of amino
carboxylic acid or amino sulfonic acids and about 75 wt% of
water. The CCSL solvent has significantly higher CO2
loading
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HP March 2022 eBook—Energy Transition

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