Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 23
Special Focus
Plant Design, Engineering and Construction
J. SOTO, Methanex Corp., Punta Arenas, Chile
Optimizing methanol plant operations
through minimal capital investments
In the constant search for improvement, Methanex has
developed a state-of-the-art project to improve plant operation at its methanol production facility in Punta Arenas, Chile
(FIG. 1). The Chile 4 Standalone Operation project not only
provided a solution to an operational constraint, but also enabled the plant to function independently and provide a lowcost solution to increase process efficiency and site reliability.
This article provides the development process performed
by Methanex, starting from the business context through an
explanation of the original design and the proposed (now implemented) new design-and, finally, depicting the benefits
derived from the project's implementation.
Business case. Over the past 5 yr, global methanol demand
has increased by 5%/yr. In addition to traditional uses of
methanol (e.g., acetic acid and formaldehyde), other important products are being produced, including dimethyl ether
(DME) and olefins. Methanol is also used as a feedstock for
blended motor fuels.
One of the most widely used raw materials to produce
methanol is natural gas. A natural gas-based methanol plant
contains four primary processing steps: desulfurization (natural cleaning and conditioning), reforming (conversion of
natural gas into synthesis gas), methanol synthesis (production of crude methanol from the synthesis gas) and distillation
(purification of crude methanol).
Reforming is usually the most capital-intensive step and
the most relevant in terms of the overall process efficiency of
a methanol plant. A natural gas-based methanol plant has different technologies available for the reforming process, with
the most prevalent technologies including steam reforming
(conventional steam reforming), combined reforming (a conventional steam reformer followed by an autothermal or secondary reformer), and an autothermal-only reformer.
A critical factor for all methanol-producing facilities involves achieving a certain design value for the synthesis gas
stoichiometric ratio. This ratio measures the hydrogen-tocarbon oxide molecule fraction, specifically (H2 - CO2 )/(CO
+ CO2 ) in the synthesis gas feeding the methanol synthesis
step. Normally, a ratio of at least 2 is required for the formation of methanol in the synthesis unit, with the best process
efficiency achieved with the figure as close to 2 as practical.
The Chile 4 Standalone Operation project constitutes a development that Methanex has implemented on a plant located
in southern Chile at Cabo Negro, Punta Arenas. This development considers the design and implementation of an integrated
FIG. 1. Aerial photo of Methanex's methanol facility in Punta Arenas, Chile.
Hydrocarbon Processing | DECEMBER 2020
23
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020
Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Intro
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover1
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover2
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 5
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 6
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 7
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 8
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 9
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 10
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 11
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 12
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 13
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 14
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 15
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 16
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 17
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 18
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 19
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 20
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 21
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 22
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 23
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 24
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 25
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 26
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 27
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 28
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 29
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 30
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 31
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 32
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 33
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 34
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 35
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 36
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 37
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 38
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 39
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 40
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 41
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 42
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 43
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 44
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 45
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 46
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 47
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 48
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 49
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 50
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 51
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Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 53
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 54
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 55
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 56
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 57
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 58
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 59
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 60
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 61
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 62
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 63
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Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 65
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 66
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 67
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Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 69
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 70
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 71
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Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 73
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Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 78
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 79
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80A
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80B
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 81
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 82
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover3
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-1
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-2
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-3
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-5
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-6
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-7
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-8
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-9
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-10
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-11
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-12
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-13
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-14
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-15
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-16
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-17
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-18
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-19
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-20
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-21
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-22
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-23
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-24
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-25
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-26
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-27
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-28
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-29
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-30
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-31
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-32
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-33
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-34
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-35
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-36
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-37
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-38
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-39
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-40
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-41
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-42
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-43
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-44
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/gulfpub/petrochemical_2018_v2
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