Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-29

PIPELINES

chromium in particular, greatly
reduce the rate of FAC.
As a result, it has become an
industry convention when
inspecting for FAC to closely
monitor trace alloy content.
* Microalloyed steels: Microalloyed
steels, often referred to as
high-strength low-alloy steels
(HSLA), are a family of materials
strengthened by the addition
of " micro " alloy concentrations
to low-carbon mild steel.
Microalloyed steels are used in
every major steel market sector
in various parts of the world, and
their development has played an
important role in the expansion of
certain key industries, including
the oil and gas industry. Although
the strengthening effects of these
elements make microalloyed
steels particularly suited for
high-strength applications, they
can also detract from desired
qualities such as toughness,
ductility and weldability. It is
essential that microalloyed steels
are analyzed to verify that steel
has the right levels of trace
elements, such as niobium,
vanadium and titanium; otherwise,
there is a greater chance of
corrosion, particularly if faulty
or counterfeit metals are used
(FIG. 2).
By understanding the different catalysts for corrosion, inspection personnel can use the technologies available to
them to provide more context to the insights coming from PMI, allowing them
to make more appropriate decisions
around how best to manage the assets
throughout the worksite.
Gain a better understanding of your
pipelines. Pipeline malfunctions can

occur in countless ways, but having a
keen understanding of the risks of corrosion-and the role PMI can play in
mitigating it-is critical to a safer worksite. By taking the time to introduce tools
such as an XRF or LIBS analyzer into
routine safety checks, inspection personnel will be able to accurately identify
metal composition to ensure they are
properly prepared.
An effective PMI program helps inspection personnel gain a better under-

standing of the assets throughout the
worksite, allowing them to properly
maintain or address any signs of corrosion, thereby remaining one step ahead
of the risk of disastrous and hazardous
pipeline malfunctions. GP

BRIAN DALTON is the Product
Manager for the newly launched
Thermo Scientific Niton Apollo
handheld LIBS analyzer. For the
past 10 yr, Mr. Dalton has been
actively involved in the
development and commercialization
of handheld XRF, LIBS and OES analyzers.

FIG. 2. An inspector uses a handheld LIBS analyzer to identify metal asset.

The Next Industry Standard SCD
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New Standard in Reliability
An innovative horizontal redox cell ensures an ample reaction time and
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The redox cell is designed with an easily accessible inner pyro-tube,
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Gas Processing & LNG |  NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2020

29


http://www.ssi.shimadzu.com

Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020

Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Intro
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover1
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover2
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Contents
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 5
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 6
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 7
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 8
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 9
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 10
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 11
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 12
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 13
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 14
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 15
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 16
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 17
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 18
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 19
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 20
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 21
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 22
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 23
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 24
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 25
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 26
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 27
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 28
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 29
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 30
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 31
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 32
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 33
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 34
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 35
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 36
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 37
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 38
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 39
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 40
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 41
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 42
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 43
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 44
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 45
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 46
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 47
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 48
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 49
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 50
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 51
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 52
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 53
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 54
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 55
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 56
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 57
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 58
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 59
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 60
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 61
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 62
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 63
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 64
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 65
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 66
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 67
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 68
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 69
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 70
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 71
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 72
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 73
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 74
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 75
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 76
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 77
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 78
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 79
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80A
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 80B
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 81
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - 82
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover3
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - Cover4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-1
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-2
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-3
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-4
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-5
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-6
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-7
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-8
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-9
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-10
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-11
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-12
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-13
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-14
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-15
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-16
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-17
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-18
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-19
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-20
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-21
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-22
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-23
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-24
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-25
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-26
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-27
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-28
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-29
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-30
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-31
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-32
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-33
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-34
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-35
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-36
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-37
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-38
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-39
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-40
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-41
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-42
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-43
Hydrocarbon Processing - December 2020 - GP-44
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