Hydrocarbon Processing - August 2022 - 50

100th Anniversary
HP Flashback
LEE NICHOLS, Editor-in-Chief/Associate Publisher
Excerpts from the 1990s: Process optimization,
fuel quality and environmental compliance
EnCs in year 2000 and beyond
R. L. Tucker, January 1990
The future is best described in three phases: Drivers for
change, current responses and projections. This article details
the drivers for change within the next decade (e.g., changing
workforce, competition, shrinking world, emphasis on quality,
nature of projects, changing client approaches and technology
availability), how the hydrocarbon processing industry's engineering
and construction companies are responding to these
changes, and projections for the future.
Implementing advanced controls
with new DCSs
C. R. Aronson and D. C. White, June 1990
In the past few years, a new generation of distributed control
systems (DCSs) has appeared. The incentives for utilizing
these systems are the increases in computational capabilities,
the facility for providing single operator windows and the increased
potential for plant process information network development.
These article will address the following three questions
regarding implementation of advanced control projects:
1. What is the proper distribution of control and calculation
functions between the DCS and a process computer?
2. How should the operator interface for the advanced
controls be implemented?
3. What are the important factors to consider
for project implementation and long-term
maintenance of such systems?
EC seeks gasoline emissions control
September 1990
Gasoline emissions control is being given priority within the
European Community as part of an overall strategy to reduce
pollution by photochemical ozone in the lower atmosphere.
Estimating hydrogen of FCC coke
R. Sadeghbeigi, February 1991
Historically, the hydrogen content of coke has been used
to judge the performance of fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) reactor
strippers. The hydrogen content in coke is determined
by performing an oxygen balance around the regenerator. The
purpose of this article is to:
* Discuss the significance of hydrogen in coke
* Illustrate steps to calculate the hydrogen content
of total coke
50 AUGUST 2022 | HydrocarbonProcessing.com
* Provide a graphical solution for the determination
of hydrogen in coke.
Analyzing process energy efficiency
J. H. Siegell, March 1991
There are numerous methods for evaluating process energy
efficiency. They involve representations of the process system to
varying degrees of complexity in the search for lost Btus. A method
exists which can be used to easily establish energy targets and
compare current operation to these targets. This article details a
new method that establishes energy targets for comparison with
current operation and identifies specific areas for improvement.
Developing countries face big energy needs
HPImpact, April 1991
Developing countries must have energy to raise productivity
and improve their living standards, but supplying that energy
raises serious financial, institutional and environmental problems,
according to a report by the Office of Technology Assessment.
The report states that the magnitude of these problems
underlines the need for more efficient production, transformation,
delivery and use of energy.
Maximize steam generation with gas turbine HRSGs
V. Ganapathy, October 1991
Combined with heat recovery steam generators (HRSGs), gas
turbines can operate in combined-cycle or cogeneration modes,
thereby improving the efficiency of the overall system compared
to the operation of the gas turbine alone. The type of HRSG suitable
for a given firing temperature, the amount of oxygen consumed
or depleted for a given fuel input, and the efficiency of
the HRSG system as a function of fuel consumed are discussed.
Improve corrosion control by computer simulation
P. R. Petersen, January 1992
In many processes in refineries and chemical plants, corrosion
occurs in the areas where acidic gases and water vapor condense
together to form dilute solutions of acids. Results of an
extensive study into the chemistry and properties of the various
common neutralizing amines used to combat acid corrosion,
the acids that are neutralized and the salts that are formed are
reported in the work. The first section will describe theoretical
considerations, lab studies and the models that were developed
from these studies. The second section will discuss some of the
practical applications of this knowledge.
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