Underground Construction - May 2021 - 34

REHABTECHNOLOGY
CIGMAT 2021 Virtually Focuses on
Infrastructure, Energy, Geotechnical,
Flooding, Sustainability
The 26th one-day conference and exhibition organized by the Center for Innovative
Grouting Materials and Technology
(CIGMAT) and the Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, University
of Houston, " Infrastructure, Energy,
Geotechnical, Flooding and Sustainable
Issues Related to Houston and Other Major
Cities " was held online on March 5.
More than 260 attendees participated,
representing owners, consulting engineers, material supplies, contractors and
academia. Nine speakers addressed a
variety of topics related to three sessions,
each of which ended with 10 to 15 minutes
of questions and answers.

Water, wastewater,
corrosion Issues
The session on water, wastewater and
corrosion issues related to maintaining and monitoring, was moderated
by Daniel Wong from Tolunay-Wong
Engineers, Houston.
Chris Manson, project engineer with
San Antonio Water System (SAWS),
talked about the background and history
of the SAWS Wastewater Collection and
Treatment systems, and sanitary sewer

There are more than 40 cities
in the U.S. addressing SSO
as part of a Consent Decree.
SAWS has reduced SSOs by
over 60 percent since 2010.
The Capital Improvement
Projects for the next five
years is over $2.3 billion.
34

MAY 2020 | UCONonline.com

overflow reduction program (SSORP)
that is part of a Consent Decree requiring
operations, maintenance and capital
investment.
There are more than 40 cities in the
U.S. addressing SSO as part of a Consent
Decree. SAWS has reduced SSOs by
over 60 percent since 2010. The Capital
Improvement Projects for the next five
years is over $2.3 billion.
San Antonio, the seventh-largest city
in the nation, has 12,500 miles of pipelines,100,000 manholes, 73 water pump
stations, 191 wells, 117storage tanks, 153
lift stations and four treatment plants.
Erika Mancha, manager of Innovative
Water Technology at the Texas Water
Development Board (TWDB), addressed
initiatives and trends, including increasing
interest in recycling water and in recharging aquifers with flood water and monitoring their quality and conditions in several
parts of Texas.
This was followed by C. Vipulanandan's
presentation on " New Nondestructive
Method to Rapidly Detect and Quantify
Surface and Bulk Corrosion in Steel with
Real-Time Monitoring using Vipulanandan
Impedance Corrosion Model. "
Major concerns related to the
maintenance of bridges, buildings, rail
tracks, oil and gas wells, chemical plants,
power plants, pipelines and mobile
facilities are due to corrosion caused
by the service conditions and exposed
environments, aging of the facilities, types
of usage and composition of the materials.
To improve maintenance operations
and also extend the service life of these
structures and supporting infrastructures,
it is very important to detect and quantify
corrosion real-time.
In addition to daily encounters
with degradation of materials due to
bio-chemical reactions, stress fatigue and

temperature cycles, corrosion causes oil
and gas well failures, fire hazards from
pipeline leakages, plant shutdowns, waste
of valuable resources, loss and contamination of product, reduction in productivity
and expensive maintenance. Corrosion of
metals alone cost the U.S. economy billions
of dollars per year and approximately onethird of this cost could be saved by proper
corrosion detection and quantification.
In this study, carbon steel corrosion was
evaluated in saltwater solutions using the
newly developed non-destructive electrical
method, which can be easily adopted in the
field for real-time monitoring. Results were
compared to some standard test methods,
such as weight loss, corrosion rate and
potential difference.
The average weight loss in 10-percent
salt solution (accelerated corrosion and
also representing the hydraulic fracking
fluids) in one year was 1.05 percent and
corrosion rate was 1.54 mm/year, using the
ASTM G1 method.
Vipulanandan correlation model was
used to represent the weight loss versus
time relationship. The potential difference
between the corroding steel and standard
calomel electrode in 1M salt solution
reduced from -0.680 V to -0.791 V in two
years - a 15-percent total change. The
new nondestructive electrical method was
used to detect and quantify the surface
and bulk corrosion in the field. Tests were
performed to first verify the best electrical
property that will be highly sensitive and
represent the steel corrosion.
Findings from this study indicated
changes in the newly developed electrical
corrosion index for the surface (2D representation) and the resistivity (second order
tensor, 3D representation) for the bulk material using the Vipulanandan Impedance
Corrosion Model. Corrosion development
in 750 mm (30 inches) long steel specimens


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Underground Construction - May 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Underground Construction - May 2021

Contents
Underground Construction - May 2021 - Cover1
Underground Construction - May 2021 - Cover2
Underground Construction - May 2021 - Contents
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 4
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 5
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 6
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 7
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 8
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 9
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 10
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 11
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Underground Construction - May 2021 - 16
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 17
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 18
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT1
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT2
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT3
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT4
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT5
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT6
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT7
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT8
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT9
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT9
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT11
Underground Construction - May 2021 - UCT12
Underground Construction - May 2021 - 19
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Underground Construction - May 2021 - Cover3
Underground Construction - May 2021 - Cover4
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