Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 16
stages found all over the low Countries, all through the Middle
Ages. When the rhetoricians were forced to play indoors, they
hadn't really adapted, they just took the model of an outdoor
stage with them and converted it to a form usable indoors. Theatrical effects, including lighting and machinery, were kept to
a bare minimum. And just as so often outdoors, the audience
would stand around the stage or be seated on benches. On the
first few days a play was performed, the audience would consist
of rhetoricians and members of the guild, together with guests
and dignitaries, after the initial performances the general audience was also allowed to come up to the theatre and watch the
play for free since the rhetoricians were not allowed to charge
an entrance fee. "General audience" is misleading though: in
reality a guard was posted near the front door and he would
select an appropriate audience.
In 1664 the rhetoricians and the Guild of St. luke moved
to larger accommodations on the second (first) floor of the
famous Antwerp stock exchange, where they would open a
small theatre which remained in use until 1762 (fig. 5). The
rhetoricians, however, would never again regain their former
importance.
The theatre the rhetoricians used between 1619 and 1664
can be considered as the swansong of a dying rhetorician's tradition, yet, at the same time it is the earliest indoor theatre of
Antwerp that can be reconstructed. In that sense it is the forerunner of all theatres that would be built in the city afterwards.
the first theatre of the city almoners
Another central force in the Antwerp theatre life, next to the
rhetoricians, were the city almoners, wealthy citizens, appointed
by the city council and responsible for the care of the ill and the
poor. Money for these ill and poor came from donations, wills,
the rent of houses and collections, and the appointed almoners
were held accountable for any deficits. To the almoners theatre
represented another possible means of making money. Theatre
was regarded as a little respectable pastime: by setting up a theatre themselves, the almoners would control both the content
of the plays and the money that was made. And that is exactly
Figure 4. Interior of the
theatre of the chamber
of rhetoric for The
Gillyflowers.
Figure 5. Exterior
of the theatre at the
Stock Exchange. The
rhetoricians used the
second (first) floor of the
east wing (here on the left
hand side of the picture)
as a theatre between
1664 and 1762.
14
theatre
design
&
technology
S P R I N G
2009
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009
Contents
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 1
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 2
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 3
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - Contents
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 5
Theatre Design & Technology - Spring 2009 - 6
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1968Dec
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1968Oct
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1968May
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1968Feb
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1967Dec
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1967Oct
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1967May
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1967Feb
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1966Dec
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1966Oct
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1966May
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1966Feb
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1965Dec
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/hickmanbrady/tdt_1965Oct
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