IEEE Awards Booklet - 2018 - 13

2018 ieee medals

IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing
Medal

IEEE Medal for Innovations
in Healthcare Technology

Sponsored by Texas Instruments, Inc.

Sponsored by the IEEE Engineering
in Medicine and Biology Society

Bede Liu

Thomas F. Budinger

For sustained contributions to the
analysis and the development of lowcomplexity realizations of digital signal
processing algorithms

For pioneering contributions to tomographic radiotracer imaging

Bede Liu's pioneering work on signal processing focused primarily on lowering implementation complexity and reducing power
consumption, which have been central to the creation of cost-effective, high performance, low-power signal processing, important
in the development of mobile and multimedia systems. To battle
the cost of implementing digital signal processing algorithms, Liu
developed novel methods that require much less computation by
replacing computation with memory. His revolutionary approach
of incorporating simple shift-and-adds for multiplier-free filters
provides a 3-to-1 savings in computation over the traditional
methods, thus enabling highly eﬃcient implementation of digital
filters and the fast Fourier transform algorithm. Multiplier-less
processing has been widely used and commercialized in chips
for control and imaging applications, dynamic signal analyzers,
and a discrete cosine transform chip that was the fastest at the
time. Liu's proposal to use 1-bit coeﬃcients on over-sampled data
achieved significant savings in chip area and power.This approach
is now widely used to allow for tradeoﬀs among clock rate, area,
and power consumption in implementations for applications including mobile information devices. In video coding, Liu's novel
way to determine motion vectors that reduces computation by a
factor of 4 was incorporated in software packages and also led to a
number of other proposed eﬃcient approaches. In video analysis,
his proposal to use reduced resolution processing to extract video
content cuts computation by two orders of magnitude. He also
developed novel ways of transcoding the conversion of an encoded video bit stream to another with a smaller bit rate in order
to adapt to network conditions.
An IEEE Life Fellow and member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, an academician of Academia Sinica (Taipei),
and a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Beijing), Liu is a Professor Emeritus with the Department of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Thomas F. Budinger's groundbreaking work has defined how radiation can be safely applied to medical imaging, enabling the development of positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon
emission computed tomography (SPECT) radiotracers critical to
investigating conditions including cancer, heart disease, Alzheimer's
disease, and brain injury. His research group at the Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory has made world-class contributions in the fields
of radiotracer development, radiotracer imaging, and tomographic
image reconstruction. Budinger pioneered the use of the 82-Rb generator for heart imaging, which was commercialized under the brand
name CardioGen-82, for clinical use. He performed the first SPECT
dynamic imaging study of the human heart, which required a novel
combination of list-mode data acquisition, cardiac gating, attenuation measurements of the spatially inhomogeneous human chest,
and tomographic reconstruction. Budinger's team created the Primer
on Reconstruction Algorithms, which was distributed worldwide during the late 1970s and 1980s, allowing scientists and students to gain
hands-on experience in computed tomography using radionuclides
or X-rays. This work also led to the quantitative understanding of
how time-of-flight could be used in PET and how the statistical
noise in reconstructed PET images could be reduced as the timing
resolution was improved.These concepts are found in PET scanners
being used today. Under his leadership, the construction of the PET
280 and the PET 600 scanners demonstrated how the limits of PET
resolution could be approached. The PET 600 was constructed using 600 individually paired detectors and photomultiplier tubes to
obtain a landmark 2.3-mm resolution. Budinger was a key player in
the development of the Committee on Medical Internal Radiation
Dose (MIRD) guidelines for safe use of radiopharmaceuticals. The
MIRD Primer was published in 1988, providing outlined models and
methods for determining organ dosimetry. He described, from biophysical principles and experiments, the safety of magnetic resonance
imaging that is leading to human studies at 10 Tesla and beyond.
An IEEE Life Member and member of both the U.S. National
Academy of Medicine and National Academy of Engineering,
Budinger is a professor of bioengineering at the University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Scope: For outstanding achievements in signal processing.

Scope: For exceptional contributions to technologies and applications benefitting healthcare, medicine, and the health sciences.

13 | 2018 IEEE awards bookLET

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Awards Booklet - 2018