IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine - January/February 2023 - 74

Security, Trust and Privacy Solutions for Intelligent Internet of Vehicular Things
entity is not trustworthy, the fog node discards
the packet directly. Otherwise, it adds the analyzing
result to the content name. After extracting
the information, the fog nodes check if there
are agents that can arrive before the deadline. If
there are agents found for the emergency, the
fog network sends the information to the agents.
Otherwise, the information is sent to the CEC. At
last, the agents handle the corresponding
emergencies.
Figure 2. Trustworthy emergency content delivery.
Overview of Trustworthy Emergency Content
Delivery
Nowadays, with the increasing number of
IIoVT devices around the city, research and
enterprise communities are taking into account
the usage of the computing and communication
resources at the edge of the network.5 These
devices provide computation and communication
resources for the emergency system.
Figure 2 illustrates the emergency content
delivery in the proposed system. First, the ambulance
sends an interest packet to the fog node
nearby for information of patients in danger.
After that, a smart lamp discovers a person in
danger. It videotapes the person and broadcasts
the information to the fog nodes in the vicinity.
Then the node sends an interest packet to the
smart lamp and requests for emergency information
(e.g., locations, audios, videos). After receiving
the data packet, the fog node extracts text
from multimedia data by image captioning and
video captioning. In the meantime, there is a
malicious entity sending faked packets to the fog
node. The malicious entity can send faked interest
packets or publish forged data packets. On
the one hand, the malicious entity can send
faked interest packets for information of patients
in danger, which fools the fog node to dispatch
the emergency event to itself. On the other
hand, the malicious entity can publish data packets
containing forged emergency events, misleading
it to dispatch the emergency event to
itself. To defense against these attacks, the fog
node analyzes the semantic information and
judges the trustworthiness of the entity. If the
74
Semantic-Based Trustworthy Routing Scheme
According to the existing fog computing paradigm,5
we propose the structure of the fog node,
which applies ICN in emergency scenarios. Routing
in the fog node is shown in Figure 3. Each fog
node maintains three data structures to transmit
the packets. A Forwarding Information Base (FIB)
keeps track of the routing information of the various
interest packets. A Pending Interest Table
(PIT) keeps states of the forwarded interest
packets. The fog node analyzes the semantic
information of incoming data packets and
caches the analyzed information in a Content
Store (CS). When receiving multimedia data, the
fog node generates textual summaries,6 which
significantly reduces the amount of traffic in the
system. The fog node decides whether to transmit
multimedia data according to the trustworthiness
of the sender, the request of the client,
and the emergency type. During transmission,
the fog node adopts a dynamic naming approach
and adds new fields to the content name after
analyzing the content.
The fog node consists of six layers. In the
physical and virtualization layer, the node uses
the IP network to build an overlay network or
directly uses hardware to implement ICN. The
monitoring layer watches hardware status. The
preprocessing layer analyses the emergencies
and schedules agents for emergency rescue.
Moreover, the preprocessing layer performs
trustworthiness analysis on the entity that sends
the packet. The fog node measures the trustworthiness
of an entity by emergency handling
results, interaction freshness, and trustworthiness
from other nodes. If the fog node successfully
handles one emergency using the
information published by one entity, the corresponding
entity is more trustworthy. Since the
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