IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - September 2021 - 174

TC SPOTLIGHT
Digital Technologies and Automation:
By George Q. Huang, Birgit Vogel-Heuser, Mengchu Zhou, and Paolo Dario
The Human and Eco-Centered Foundations
for the Factory of the Future
D
igital manufacturing processes
(Figure 1) have been extensively
transformed by ubiquitous
connectivity and collaborative
robots so much that the industry of
the future is pursuing high productivity,
efficiency, and customization by be -
coming increasingly collaborative,
connected, and cognitive (IC3). In fact,
these new technologies have fostered a
remarkable increase in production
efficiency and an exceptional economic
growth worldwide. Furthermore, the
need to improve the work environment
and the reliability of work procedures
in complex and integrated systems
has been sustaining a fast and increasing
adoption of anthropocentric approaches
in robotics and automation solutions
for industrial processes. We are currently
witnessing a real " revolution " aimed at
recycling waste materials obtained
from production processes. The
circular economy paradigm represents
a new way of managing value. It also
opens up new opportunities for ro -
botics and automation to deliver
new manufacturing processes for
resource efficiency and smart assembly/
disassembly/recycling, in line with
the approaches for a sustainable industry.
History
Back in 2018, these arguments strongly
motivated the establishment of a
dedicated IEEE Robotics and Automation
Society (RAS) technical committee
(TC) able to bridge and guide academic
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MRA.2021.3095732
Date of current version: 10 September 2021
Figure 1. Digital manufacturing is the application of computer systems to manufacturing
services, supply chains, products, and processes. Digital manufacturing technologies
link systems and processes across all areas of production to create an integrated
approach to manufacturing, from design to production and on to the servicing of the
final products.
and entrepreneurial/industrial communities
toward the procurement and
integration of disruptive technologies
(such as collaborative robots, digital
manufacturing, 3D printing, industrial
Internet of Things (IoT)/cyberphysical
systems, and cloud computing) safely
and smoothly integrated with humans
and within manufacturing/demanufacturing
processes. The proposed TC
was also conceived to address global,
crucial challenges, such as ethical
issues on the future role of humans
and automation as well as the effect of
the introduction of these disruptive
robotic and robot-like technologies on
workers' conditions in the workplace,
well-being at work, valorization of
174 * IEEE ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE * SEPTEMBER 2021
human skills, and the reshaping of production
processes.
The workshop titled " IC3-Industry
of the Future: Collaborative, Connected,
Cognitive. Novel Approaches Stemming
From Factory of the Future and
Industry 4.0 Initiatives, " held on 2 June
2017, at the International Conference
on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
2017 in Singapore, set the stage for the
establishment of the RAS TC on Digital
Manufacturing and Human-Centered
Automation. It also originated analyses
in the field, leading to a TC proposal to
RAS in late 2017 by a group of four
founding cochairs from three different
areas (the Americas, Europe, and Asia):
Prof. Paolo Dario, Scuola Superiore
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IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - September 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - September 2021

Contents
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IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine - September 2021 - Cover3
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