IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - 44

FINLAND

The PostFukushima
World
The meltdowns have provoked
policy changes around the planet
By Ritchie S. King

Graphic by Carl DeTorres

The nuclear disaster at Fukushima Dai-ichi
shocked the world. As radioactive particles floated into the air, a troubling question
floated into people's minds: If such a disaster could happen in technologically advanced
and cautious Japan, were their own countries
packed with accidents waiting to happen?
In the months since, governments have
embarked on a variety of safety assessments and policy reappraisals. But so
far, only two countries with active reactors have committed to leaving the nuclear
power club-and a good number of countries are still eager to join.

SWEDEN
LITHUANIA

NETHERLANDS

UNITED
KINGDOM

POLAND

BELARUS

GERMANY

BELGIUM

CZECH
REPUBLIC

FRANCE

SWITZERLAND

SLOVAKIA
HUNGARY

ITALY

ROMANIA

SLOVENIA

BULGARIA

SPAIN
ARMENIA

TURKEY
ISRAEL

IRAN

Legend

JORDAN
EGYPT

Countries with operational reactors that have
announced no safety reviews or policy changes

UNITED ARAB
EMIRATES

Countries that are reviewing their existing reactors
Countries conducting wider appraisals of reactors
and nuclear safety standards
Countries that are ending their nuclear power programs
Countries with their first reactors in planning or proposal
stages; some of these countries have not yet declared
whether they'll follow through with their nuclear plans
Reactors in use
Reactors under construction

SOUTH
AFRICA

Reactors planned/proposed

1. France
The French government has ordered
safety inspections of its 58 nuclear
reactors. But France confirmed its
commitment to nuclear power by
dedicating €1 billion to nuclear research in
June and by approving a 10-year license
extension for its oldest reactor in July.

44

2. Germany
On 15 March, Germany halted
operations at eight of its oldest
reactors. Two months later Chancellor
Angela Merkel announced the end of
the country's nuclear program: All of
the country's reactors will shut down
by 2022.

NA * iEEE SpEctrum * NovEmbEr 2011

3. Italy
Italy has no operating reactors; its nuclear
program was ended by referendum in
1987. In 2008 the government reversed
that decision and began planning new
nuclear construction. But on 13 June a
referendum to bury the nuclear program
once again passed, with 94 percent of
voters in favor.

4. SwItzerland
On 14 March, the Swiss government
froze the licensing process for
three new reactors intended to
replace aging units. Then, on
25 May, the cabinet decided that the
replacements would not be built at
all, effectively ending the country's
nuclear program by 2034.

spectrum.ieee.org



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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Spectrum November, 2011

IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - Cover1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - Cover2
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - 1
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - 2
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IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - 91
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - 92
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - Cover3
IEEE Spectrum November, 2011 - Cover4
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