IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - June 2018 - 30

GUEST EDITORIAL

Joseph Carvalko

he British philosopher,
G. E. Moore (1873-
1958) in his seminal
work Principia Ethica (1903), wrote that
when considering what's good or
bad, we should begin by asking two
questions: ought the thing under
inquiry exist? And, as it concerns an
action, how ought we act? Although
"good" in and of itself may well be
indefinable, asking these questions
has a common sense ring, especially when deciding the myriad ethical
questions that surround new technology [1]. For example, Western
nations have universally said "no"
to germline modifications of the
human genome, fearing that such
actions might irreversibly affect the
human race.1 In other instances,
the genie escapes before any international consensus can develop to
stop it from becoming a reality. In
1945, atomic bombs decimated
two Japanese cities killing nearly a
quarter-million people. Only after
a long string of hydrogen bomb
detonations, over a period of nearly 20 years, were nuclear weapons
banned as between the two major
nuclear powers, the United States
and the Soviet Union. The ban expressed a "right action."
Unlike permanent changes to the
human genome or the proliferation
of nuclear weapons, most technologies do not pose existential threats,
but nonetheless call for regulation.

Defending Against
Opaque Algorithmic
Meddling in
Free Elections
alizing an aspiration of the UN's Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
"a world in which human beings
shall enjoy freedom of speech." But,
as social media serves to transform
free speech the world over, a pervasive infiltration of the information
highway is underway by individuals
and entities using bots and human
agencies to invade our privacy and
channel extremist, hateful speech
in propaganda-like campaigns bent
on undermining democratic institutions [6].2 Time has come to consider steps that balance privacy
and speech rights with the right
to choose leaders without foreign
interference [7].
Broadly speaking, social media
has been in existence for thousands
of years, e.g., letter writing. Although
the 19th century telegraph permitted two-way communication, its use
was largely confined to business. It
wasn't until the 20th century that

Stationarytraveller/iStoCK

T

Social media may be in this category. By 2019, more than half the population of Western Europe and more
than a third of the population of the
Middle East and North Africa will be
using social networks [4], [5].1 This
represents a giant step toward actu-

1

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MTS.2018.2826061
Date of publication: 31 May 2018

30

Article 13 of the Oviedo Convention bans all
genetic modifications to the human germline.
Also see, [2]-[3].

IEEE Technology and Society Magazine

2

Alleged Russian political meddling documented in 27 countries since 2004 [6].

∕

JUNE 2018



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - June 2018

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