IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2021 - 29

recommending some practical steps that could
advance that goal. Following these recommendations could also help diversify AI research and patent
development to better reflect a world where LMICs
have equal access to the resources they require and
can create innovative AI applications which contribute to achieving the SDGs, leaving no-one behind,
and which reflect the unique cultural, language
and socio-economic needs of the societies in which
they operate.
Implementing the actions that IEEE's EAD, 1st
Edition layout for AI-DDD, would take steps toward
AI4Eq, toward equality, as called for under the
human-rights framework, as well as steps away from
discrimination by wealth and national origin. Yet,
either embedded in or complementary to these
actions must be public participation, accessible
mechanisms of accountability (which include remedies for harms to users) and protection through the
rule of law, which ensures that AI-DDD respects, fulfills and protects human rights, and indeed serves as
a benefit to humanity.


[6] M. Latonero. (Oct. 2018). Governing Artificial
Intelligence: Upholding Human Rights& Dignity (Data
and Society). [Online]. Available: https://datasociety.
net/library/governing-artificial-intelligence/
[7] European Commission. (Apr. 2019). High-Level Expert
Group on Artificial Intelligence, Ethics Guidelines for
Trustworthy AI. [Online]. Available: https://ec.europa.eu/
futurium/en/ai-alliance-consultation
[8] United Nations Office of the High Commissioner
for Human Rights. Who Will be Accountable? UN
Office High Commissioner Hum. Rights, Geneva,
Switzerland, 2013.
[9] S. Fukuda-Parr and E. Gibbons, " 'Artificial intelligence
must respect human rights': What does it mean in
global health, " Global Policy, Tech. Rep., to be pubished.
[10] (Mar. 2019). Institute for Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE) Ethically Aligned Design (1st Edition):
A Vision for Prioritizing Human Well-Being With
Autonomous and Intelligent Systems. [Online]. Available:
https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieeestandards/
standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf
[11] A. Gupta and V. Heath, " AI ethics groups are repeating
one of society's classic mistakes: Too many councils

 References
[1] M. S. Pickin, M. Artaso, and E. Gibbons, " AI4Eq: For

and advisory boards still consist mostly of people
based in Europe or the United States, " MIT Technol.

a true global village not for global pillage, " IEEE Technol.

Rev., 14 Sep. 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.

Soc. Mag., to be published.

technologyreview.com/2020/09/14/1008323/ai-ethics-

[2] Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for
Sustainable Development (A/RES/70/1), United
Nations Gen. Assembly, New York, NY, USA, Oct. 2015.
[3] The United Nations Sustainable Development Group
Universal Values Principle One: The Human RightsBased Approach. Accessed: Feb. 18, 2021. [Online].
Available: https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universalvalues/human-rights-based-approach
[4] RightsConToronto. (May 2018). Amnesty International
and Access Now: The Toronto Declaration: Protecting
the Right to Equality and Non-Discrimination in
Machine Learning Systems. [Online]. Available:
https://www.accessnow.org/the-toronto-declarationprotecting-the-rights-to-equality-and-nondiscrimination-in-machine-learning-systems/
[5] R. Van Est and J. B. A. Gerritsen, with the assistance
of L. Kool, " Human rights in the robot age: Challenges
arising from the use of robotics, artificial intelligence,
and virtual and augmented reality-Expert report
written for the Committee on Culture, Science,
Education and Media of the Parliamentary Assembly
of the Council of Europe (PACE), " The Hague, The
Netherlands: Rathenau Instituut, 2017.

March 2021

representation-artificial-intelligence-opinion

Elizabeth D. Gibbons is a graduate of Smith
College, Northampton, MA, USA, and Columbia
University, New York, NY, USA.
She is currently a Senior Fellow with the FXB
Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H.
Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,
where she participates in initiatives which leverage
her expertise in advancing the human rights of
children and adolescents. These have included the
development of a cross-disciplinary child protection
curriculum for graduate students, an online HarvardX
and Executive Education courses for child protection
professionals, which she managed in her capacity
as the Director of the Child Protection Certificate
Program. Since 2014, she has been engaged in the
exploration of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact
on human rights, with particular attention to the
potential for these technologies to affect inequality
within and between global societies. As the Chair
of the Sustainable Development Committee, she led
development of a chapter within IEEE's publication
Ethically Aligned Design, 1st ed., which identifies
issues and makes recommendations for ensuring AI

https://datasociety.net/library/governing-artificial-intelligence/ https://datasociety.net/library/governing-artificial-intelligence/ https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/ai-alliance-consultation https://ec.europa.eu/futurium/en/ai-alliance-consultation https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf?utm_medium=PR&utm_source=Web&utm_campaign=EAD1e&utm_content=geias&utm_term=undefined https://standards.ieee.org/content/dam/ieee-standards/standards/web/documents/other/ead1e.pdf?utm_medium=PR&utm_source=Web&utm_campaign=EAD1e&utm_content=geias&utm_term=undefined https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/09/14/1008323/ai-ethics-representation-artificial-intelligence-opinion https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/09/14/1008323/ai-ethics-representation-artificial-intelligence-opinion https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/09/14/1008323/ai-ethics-representation-artificial-intelligence-opinion https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universal-values/human-rights-based-approach https://unsdg.un.org/2030-agenda/universal-values/human-rights-based-approach https://www.accessnow.org/the-toronto-declaration-protecting- the-rights-to-equality-and-non-discrimination-in-machine-learning-systems/ https://www.accessnow.org/the-toronto-declaration-protecting- the-rights-to-equality-and-non-discrimination-in-machine-learning-systems/ https://www.accessnow.org/the-toronto-declaration-protecting- the-rights-to-equality-and-non-discrimination-in-machine-learning-systems/

IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2021

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