IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2022 - 40

Feature
and our willingness to participate in the tangible
act of sharing those views. In addition, we practice
participation by way of co-designing technological
artifacts for sharing among ourselves as researchers,
as well as for sharing with the targeted communities.
This is an ongoing process and we are now
entering a phase where we start to intensify our
activities with those communities, in particular, in
Motupo¯hue/Bluff.
While we are still far from simulating (and
extending) a comprehensive set
of
real-world
appearance and behavior with our system, and the
ultimate, jointly developed goal of the extended
design, deployment, and management of virtually
reviving marae life, we are making steady and confirmed
progress on this. We are approaching our
goal in iterative steps, for example, by proper documentation,
frequent demonstrations, educating
students, and partners, and continuously communicating
with the partners and with the involved
communities. We, collectively, find this challenge
very rewarding.
Since our project approach is based on the
principles of partnership, participation, and protection,
as with probably any culturally sensitive
project, forming partnerships between a diverse
range of stakeholders and project members is
challenging and requires tolerance, a willingness
to listen and learn, and the ability to constructively
criticize. True participation demands effort and
energy to be put in from all partners and the development
of mutually agreeable methods of taking
part in the analysis, design, implementation, and
evaluation of artifacts, here our A¯ tea system. Protection
is required for all parties involved and
includes physical and mental well-being, respect
for culture and privacy, and intellectual and other
property rights.
We WoulD like to stress that a fourth " P " is advisable
in such project settings: patience. While many
contemporary research projects in the computing
sciences are characterized by fast-paced implementation,
evaluation, and reporting, such an approach
would not work here based on our experience made
so far. Truly sustainable outcomes and relationships
demand the acceptance of a communication model
and research culture around a holistic learning
40
approach, which is termed ako in te reo Ma¯ori.
Ako as to learn, to study, to instruct, to teach, and
to advise together in a mutually respectful and longterm
beneficial way.
More information can be found at https://www.
hci.otago.ac.nz/research_ateapresence.html. 
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Science
Challenges, Science for Technological Innovation,
A¯ tea Project. We would like to thank the people
at the Te Rau Aroha marae, the Human-Computer
Interaction Group, and the many who gave feedback
on our systems and project.
Recently, our colleague, hoa, and coauthor of
this article, Paora Mato, passed away. His contributions
to the A¯ tea project and to our partnership
building are invaluable. Kia ora Paora, wherever
you are.
 References
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multi-sensory cues on performance and experience
during walking in immersive virtual environments, " in
Proc. IEEE Virtual Reality (VR), Mar. 2016, pp. 173-174.
[2] M. Forbes. (2017). RNZ. Wharenui on Virtual Display
on Google Earth. [Online]. Available: https://www.
rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/337399/wharenui-onvirtual-display-on-google-earth
[3]
B. Marques, J. McIntosh, and H. Carson, " Whispering tales:
Using augmented reality to enhance cultural landscapes
and indigenous values, " AlterNative, Int. J. Indigenous
Peoples, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 193-204, Sep. 2019.
[4] Ma¯ui Studios. (2019). Manawatu¯ Augmented Reality
Graphic Novel. [Online]. Available: https://www.
mauistudios.co.nz/project/manawatu-augmentedreality-graphic-novel/
[5]
P. Meredith. (2015). Urban Ma¯ ori-Urban Marae, Te
Ara-The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. [Online].
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[6] M. Mori, K. F. MacDorman, and N. Kageki, " The
uncanny valley [from the field], " IEEE Robot. Autom.
Mag., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 98-100, Jun. 2012.
[7] A. D. O'carroll, " Virtual whanaungatanga: Ma¯ ori
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system, " Proc. Int. Conf. Image Vis. Comput. New
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https://www.hci.otago.ac.nz/research_ateapresence.html https://www.hci.otago.ac.nz/research_ateapresence.html https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/337399/wharenui-on-virtual-display-on-google-earth https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/337399/wharenui-on-virtual-display-on-google-earth https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/te-manu-korihi/337399/wharenui-on-virtual-display-on-google-earth https://www.mauistudios.co.nz/project/manawatu-augmented-reality-graphic-novel/ https://www.mauistudios.co.nz/project/manawatu-augmented-reality-graphic-novel/ https://www.mauistudios.co.nz/project/manawatu-augmented-reality-graphic-novel/ https://teara.govt.nz/en/urban-maori/page-4 https://teara.govt.nz/en/urban-maori/page-4

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