IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2022 - 53

Social Construction of Technological Systems: New
Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology,
vol. 1. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2012, pp. 77-97.
[5] J. W. R. Cano and W. M. M. Penagos, " Epistemological
reflection of science and technology leading to the
integration of science, technology and engineering, "
Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 212-219, 2019.
[6] N. Clayton, " SCOT: Does it answer? " Technol. Culture,
vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 351-360, 2002.
[7] ECNA. (2014). Iran Orders Ban on WhatsApp, Viber
and Tango. [Online]. Available: https://www.enca.com/
iran-orders-ban-whatsapp-viber-and-tango
[8] J. Ellul, The Technological Society, J. Wilkinson and R. K.
Merton, Eds. New York, NY, USA: Alfred A. Knopf, 1964.
[9] A. Feenberg, " Ten paradoxes of technology, " Techné,
Res. Philosophy Technol., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 3-15, 2010.
[10] A. Feenberg, Questioning Technology. Evanston, IL,
USA: Routledge, 2012.
[11] A. Feenberg, " The Internet as network, world, coconstruction,
and mode of governance, " Inf. Soc., vol.
35, no. 4, pp. 1-15, 2019.
[12] B. Forrest. (2012). The Skype Killers of Belarus.
[Online]. Available: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/
articles/2012-08-23/the-skype-killers-of-belarus
[13] T. P. Hughes, " The evolution of large technological
systems, " in The Social Construction of Technological
Systems: New Directions in the Sociology and History
of Technology, vol. 1. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press,
2012, pp. 845-876.
[14] P. Kroes, Technical Artifacts: Creations of Mind and
Matter: A Philosophy of Engineering Design, vol. 6.
New York, NY, USA: Springer, 2012.
[15] J. Law, " Technology and heterogeneous engineering:
The case of Portuguese expansion, " in The Social
Construction of Technological Systems: New Directions
in the Sociology and History of Technology, vol. 1.
Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2012, pp. 105-128.
[16] A. Lele, " The context of technology, " in Disruptive
Technologies for the Militaries and Security.
Singapore: Springer-Verlag, 2019, pp. 3-27.
[17] H. Mance, " Six things to know about Viber, " Financial
Times, Feb. 14, 2014. [Online]. Available:
https://www.ft.com/content/6bc24706-9555-11e3-837100144feab7de
[18]
T. J. Pinch and W. E. Bijker, " The social construction of
facts and artifacts: Or how the sociology of science and
the sociology of technology might benefit each other, "
Social Stud. Sci., vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 399-441, 1984.
[19] T. J. Pinch and W. E. Bijker, " The social construction of
facts and artifacts: Or how the sociology of science and
the sociology of technology might benefit each other, " in
The Social Construction of Technological Systems: New
Directions in the Sociology and History of Technology,
vol. 1. Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2012, pp. 10-44.
[20] P. Savaget et al., " The theoretical foundations of
sociotechnical systems change for sustainability: A
systematic literature review, " J. Cleaner Prod., vol. 206,
pp. 878-892, Jan. 2018.
[21] The News Minute. (2014). Viber, Tango and WhatsApp
to be Blocked in Iran. [Online]. Available: https://www.
thenewsminute.com/article/viber-tango-and-whatsappbe-blocked-iran-28591
[22]
I. Van de Poel and P. Kroes, " Can technology embody
values? " in The Moral Status of Technical Artifacts.
Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer-Verlag, 2014,
pp. 103-124.
[23] P. P. Verbeek, What Things Do: Philosophical
Reflections on Technology, Agency, and Design.
University Park, PA, USA: Penn State Press, 2005.
[24] L. Winner, " Do artifacts have politics? " Daedalus, vol.
109, no. 1, pp. 121-136, 1980.
[25] L. Winner, " Upon opening the black box and finding
it empty: Social constructivism and the philosophy of
technology, " Sci., Technol., Hum. Values, vol. 18, no. 3,
pp. 362-378, 1993.
[26] W. E. Bijker, " The social construction of bakelite:
Toward a theory of invention, " in The Social
Construction of Technological Systems, vol. 1.
Cambridge, MA, USA: MIT Press, 2012, pp. 155-182.
Morteza Rahimi is currently pursuing a PhD in
philosophy of science and technology with the Sharif
University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. Rahimi has
a master's in telecommunication engineering and
philosophy of science and technology from the Sharif
University of Technology.
Mostafa Taqavi is an Assistant Professor at the
Philosophy of Science Department, Sharif University
of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He has researched and
taught for many years about the philosophical, social,
and moral aspects of science and technology.
Amin Shafikhani is pursuing an MSc in
philosophy of science and technology with the Sharif
University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
 Direct questions and comments about this article
to Mostafa Taqavi, Department of Philosophy of
Science, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran
1458889694, Iran; m_taqavi@sharif.edu.
March 2022
53

https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/viber-tango-and-whatsapp-be-blocked-iran-28591 https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/viber-tango-and-whatsapp-be-blocked-iran-28591 https://www.enca.com/iran-orders-ban-whatsapp-viber-and-tango https://www.enca.com/iran-orders-ban-whatsapp-viber-and-tango https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/viber-tango-and-whatsapp-be-blocked-iran-28591 https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-08-23/the-skype-killers-of-belarus https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2012-08-23/the-skype-killers-of-belarus https://www.ft.com/content/6bc24706-9555-11e3-8371-00144feab7de https://www.ft.com/content/6bc24706-9555-11e3-8371-00144feab7de

IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Technology and Society Magazine - March 2022