i3 - September/October 2017 - 23
10x Faster
Performance
Proposed 5G cellular
vehicle-to-everything
(V2X) technology
is expected to supply
one-tenth the
latency of LTE.
LOWER LATENCY + HIGHER
BANDWIDTH = ACTIVE SAFETY
"These ideas of connecting cars to an infrastructure are not new. We've been talking about this
for decades," says Anupam Malhotra, director of
connected vehicles and data at Audi of America
in Herndon, VA. "When telematics first started
in the 1990s, even then there was this idea that
cars could talk to traffic lights." It was 20 years
ago that ITS America first proposed that cellular
spectrum be set aside for "active safety applications" including V2V and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), Malhotra recalls. But at the time,
cellular networks were largely analog and Wi-Fi
needed faster data transfer speeds. Moreover,
while cellular required all data to pass through
a network operator's base station, Wi-Fi forged
a direct device-to-device connection. So, he says,
the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers developed DSRC, a version of Wi-Fi
dubbed 802.11p, which allowed a direct and
speedy car-to-car communications link.
Even with the introductions of 2G and 3G networks, cellular latency (the time span between
when data is sent and when it's received)
remained too large for vehicle safety applications,
Malhotra adds. Thus, until as recently as 2014, he
says the division for automakers remained clear:
DSRC underpinned active safety and cellular
enabled connected infotainment.
Still, making DSRC commercially viable is
challenging, and many of the ways to do that now
rely on integrating some cellular connectivity,
Malhotra says, citing features integrating vehicle
data and data marketplaces.
With the debut of 4G LTE in 2012, cellular
bandwidth expanded sevenfold, and latency fell
by two-thirds, making possible new safetyrelated V2I services. These include Audi's Traffic
Light Information service, which was launched
at CES in 2016. Via an LTE connection, it lets
specially-equipped Audi vehicles receive the
phase and timing of signal changes (from red
to green and vice-versa) from smart traffic
lights through a cloud server, and provides warnings to the drivers. Right now, Audi is collaborating with 20 cities nationwide to harvest the traffic
light data, and by 2019 half of all Audi customers
in the U.S. will be able to use the service. "The
same could probably not be said about DSRC in
the near term," he says. "This is an example of the
kinds of things that used to be lumped into the
DSRC bucket, that have slowly bled into the cellular bucket in terms of what is possible."
SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2017
23
http://www.audiusa.com
i3 - September/October 2017
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of i3 - September/October 2017
Contents
i3 - September/October 2017 - Cover1
i3 - September/October 2017 - Cover2
i3 - September/October 2017 - Contents
i3 - September/October 2017 - 2
i3 - September/October 2017 - 3
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