i3 - September/October 2017 - 24

REPLACING THE RIDICULOUS?
"There's no real reason to still need
DSRC" after 5G is available, Bonte
declares. To be sure, DSRC is a mature
technology and 5G is not. But, the
former serves only one purpose
- safety-critical V2V or V2I communications - and has an uncertain
future, he says. A federal government
mandate proposed by the U.S.
24

SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2017

Department of Transportation last year calls for DSRC to be installed in
all cars starting in 2019. It may be revised or repealed, however, following complaints from automakers and other commenters.
Currently in the U.S., DSRC is integrated into fewer than 200 traffic
signals to communicate their phase and timing with cars, says Roger
Lanctot, director of automotive connected mobility in the global automotive practice at Strategy Analytics, in a commentary titled DSRC: The
Road to Ridiculous, published in June. Further, Lanctot notes, the only
commercially available vehicle able to communicate with these signals
- the sole U.S.-sold car with DSRC built in - is the 2017 Cadillac CTS.
By contrast, thousands of traffic signals now connect via cellular technology (LTE) to Audi's feature and to a similar one from BMW, which
includes the ConnectedSignals EnLighten app in the BMW Apps infotainment platform. So, DSRC is unnecessary to pursue, Lanctot concludes. "The creation of an expensive, dedicated network unsupported
by any consumer device technology is a road to ridiculous and a waste
of taxpayer dollars." Cellular V2X (C-V2X) technologies such as LTE
and 5G are a wiser path to follow in developing automotive active safety
systems, he advises.
"We're trying to pursue the government mandate," says Gaurav Bansal,
senior researcher in the network division at the Toyota InfoTechnology
Center, U.S.A. Inc. in Mountain View, CA. And if the mandate takes
effect, Toyota believes as much as three percent of cars on the road here
in 2020 will be equipped with DSRC. By 2025, Bansal says, Toyota is
expecting 42 percent of U.S. vehicles will be equipped with some sort of
"cooperative automated driving" technology tied to either DSRC or 5G.
And by 2030, he says, the automaker forecasts a jump to 68 percent.
"In 2025, when you go on the road, there's a good probability that
you'll find another connected vehicle" using either DSRC or 5G, Bansal
says. And the resulting "cooperative automotive driving" will facilitate
maneuvers such as automated merging of cars as well as active safety
I T I S I N N O VAT I O N

Courtesy of Audi

Now, proposed 5G cellular vehicleto-everything (V2X) technology is expected to supply one-tenth the latency
of LTE, or 10 times faster performance, and could turn the tide against
DSRC. "When you look at latencies at
that level, you end up taking those
final few use cases that are in the
DSRC bucket and saying you could
also do it with 5G," Malhotra states.
Technically, 5G matches all of
DSRC's capabilities and goes further,
says Dominque Bonte, managing
director and vice president at ABI
Research in Brussels, Belgium. Both
work with two vehicles traveling at
speeds up to 250 kilometers per hour
in opposite directions (for a relative
velocity of 500 km/hr), and latency of
about 1 millisecond. Plus, 5G offers
greater range - up to about a mile,
versus one-half mile with DSRC -
although this is not relevant as regards
the short-range communications
needs of V2V and V2I, Bonte declares.
Also, because 5G operates in the
60GHz radio spectrum, its 10 gigabits per second (or higher) bandwidth far exceeds that of DSRC, which
uses 5.9MHz radio spectrum, he says.
So, "when 5G comes we can open it up
to more use cases," such as sending
one vehicle's sensor or camera data to
another for better perception of the
environment, streaming 4K or 8K videos to rear seat entertainment systems,
or downloading big data files -
including HD Map updates for selfdriving cars - from the cloud in
real-time, Bonte says.
The future of cellular in vehicles is
assured, too. Every new vehicle in the
next five years will come with a cellular
modem embedded, and 80 percent of
all cars on the road will have cellular
onboard in 10 years, Bonte says.


http://www.strategyanalytics.com http://www.bmwusa.com http://www.us.toyota-itc.com http://www.us.toyota-itc.com

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