i3 - March/April 2018 - 44

Business

By Gary Arlen

C S PAC E

important consideration as we architect
these new networks at 5G and beyond."
Although IoT may become the first
implementation of fog architecture, personalized advertising and customized video
programming are also likely to embrace
ith half of all TV and videos being watched on mobile
this approach. According to the recent
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
screens by 2020, according to Ericsson, there's an
Engineers (IEEE) paper Fog Computing:
increasing technical and economic imperative to bring
Towards Minimizing Delay in the Internet
signals closer to audiences. Although content producers usually
of Things, "One of the promising advanleave network architecture decisions to engineering wonks, the
tages of fog is reducing service delay for
growing complexity and increased interest on targeted advertising end user applications."
is encouraging executives to explore new distribution options.
"It's necessary to understand the interplay between fog computing and cloud, to
evaluate the effect of fog computing on the
Enter "Fog Computing"
Ericsson's ConsumerLab TV and Media
IoT service delay and quality of service,"
Report found nearly 60 percent of viewers
Although its name suggests a murky
wrote University of Texas computer scienprefer portable, on-demand options to
miasma, "fog" is a derivative of "cloud
scheduled, linear viewing. In such an envi- tists Ashkan Yousefpour, Genya Ishigaki
computing," which brings content closer
and Jason Jue in the report.
to the viewer and is a major factor for sup- ronment, the value of targeted advertising
Comcast recently awarded a grant to
and content delivery from fine-tuned
porting emerging wireless services and
a Princeton University lab to support
(albeit "foggy") sources is more desirable.
devices. "Fog is 'distributed cloud,'" says
research into the "Cloud-to-Fog interface in
Don Clarke, principal architect at Cable
the areas of storage, communications and
TV Laboratories. Other experts contend
Major Developments
management." Announcing the grant, Jason
that "fog computing" and "edge computAt the Fog World Congress in Silicon
Livingood, vice president of technology poling" are often used interchangeably,
Valley, Christian Renaud, research direcicy and standards at Comcast, called fog
although the two approaches are seen as
tor of IoT at 451 Research, predicted that
networking "an architectural approach that
synergistic. Two Australian academics
fog computing will become an $18.2 bilseeks to make networks more efficient by
who first conceptualized the fog approach
lion market by 2022, primarily in induspushing network intelligence
contend the fog lies between the cloud
trial sectors. But, the
and processing capabilities
and the edge. Fog computing is envisioned potential for fog capabilcloser to end users." He adds,
for wireless services like mobile voice, 5G,
ity at the network edge
Fog can be
fog computing processes enable
Internet of Things (IoT) and connectivity
is also on the minds of
distinguished the "cloud and edge to form
for self-driving vehicles.
U.S. media companies.
from cloud by a mutually beneficial, interde"Fog can be distinguished from cloud
"It's about relationships,"
pendent continuum" that elimiby its proximity to end users and its
CableLabs' Clarke
its proximity
nate or minimize the need to
support for mobility," Ivan Stojmenovic
says. "Wireless is an
to end users
and Sheng Wen of Deakin University
and its support determine if a task should be
handled in the cloud or at
in Australia, wrote. "As fog computing
for mobility.
a customer's edge device.
is implemented at the edge of the netDr. Mung Chiang, an electriwork, it provides low latency, location
cal engineering professor,
awareness and improves quality-of-serfounder of the Princeton EDGE Lab and covice for streaming and real-time applifounder of the global Open Fog Consortium,
cations." They expect fog service to "be
is supervising the project. EDGE Lab
hosted at end devices such as set-top
supporters include ARM, Cisco, Dell, Intel
boxes or access points."
and Microsoft. Dr. Chiang says he helped
to launch the Consortium to address common problems with "edge networks" -
the connections at the periphery of a more
centralized network, close to the actual
devices that use the network.
"We have a unique opportunity to bring
the cloud closer to the edge and users as
fog," Chiang says.

Seeing Through "The Fog"

44

MARCH/APRIL 2018

I T I S I N N O VAT I O N

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