IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - 35

xx
"You have to learn from the mistakes of others. You

won't live long enough to make them all yourself"
-Admiral Hyman G. Rickover.
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"Engineers are not superhuman. That they make mistakes is forgivable; that they catch them is imperative.
Thus, it is the essence of modern engineering not only
to be able to check one's own work but also to have
one's work checked and to be able to check the work of
others"-Henry Petrovski, specialist in failure analysis
and professor at Duke University.
The best tools to avoid the mistakes
of others and check your own work
are the IEEE standards.
The IEEE develops its standards
through a consensus development
process, which brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve the
final product. These standards are
approved only when a 75% consensus is reached. IEEE standards documents are developed within the IEEE
Societies and approved by the IEEE Standards Association
Standards Board. IEEE standards are voluntary consensus
standards that create a technical base for customers'
selection and acceptance of products as well as the technical base for codes, rules, and regulations by different
enforcing and regulating authorities. IEEE standards are
the practical experience of many generations of engineers. Combining established industrial practices with
the latest innovations and modern analytical tools,
IEEE standards allow for significant risk reduction in
applying new technologies. They are the best
defense from political engineering, outrageous
regulation demands, and frivolous lawsuits.
Engineering standards and advanced technologies are not antagonists. Knowledge of the standards
accelerates the transition of the advanced technologies and allows one to do things right from the first
attempt by establishing common requirements for
all involved professions. In 50+ years of engineering
new never-done-before products, I have developed a
great respect for IEEE standards. They have helped me
personally and professionally. In 1975, two weeks of
studying of the IEEE Color Books Recommended Practices allowed me to pass the state professional test for my
first engineering job at the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency. Later, I became an IEEE Member and participated in many IEEE conferences. This experience helped in my
second job developing Dynac, the first-in-the-industry highperformance ac servodrive, four years later. Since then, in
any new project, I make a list of standards to read in three
major categories:
1) specific industry standards and codes
2) general safety and protection
3) applicability other industries' standards.

To learn more about standards, I became a member
of many IEEE standards working groups and a chair of
three, developing all versions of standards classified by
the IEEE:
xx
Standards: documents with mandatory requirements.
xx
Recommended practices: documents in which procedures
and positions preferred by the IEEE are presented.
xx
Guides: documents in which alternative approaches to
good practice are suggested but no clear-cut recommendations are made.
The titles of the recent IEEE standards for ships are listed in the "Viewpoint" column of this issue of IEEE Electrification Magazine. The IEEE working
groups of which I serve as chair are
guided by the following five rules of
useful standards:
1) Do not regulate.
2) Require what needs to be done and
considered, not how it should be
done.
3) Formulate requirements based on
the consensus of collective experience, not your own.
4) Establish tolerances for requirements ("one size fits all"
does not work).
5) Leave room for future revisions.
Brief summaries of the IEEE standards developed under
these rules are presented in the following sections.

IEEE standards
are the practical
experience of
many generations
of engineers.

Ieee Standard 1662-2008: Guide for the
Design and Application of Power Electronics
in Electrical Power Systems on Ships
This guide provides the following suggestions for power
electronics (PE) equipment:
xx
PE equipment should take self-protection actions
regardless of the status of communications with higherlevel controllers to maintain the continuity of power
and respond to internal and downstream faults.
xx
PE equipment should sustain communications and
the ability to perform control actions following a loss
of input voltage to permit detection, isolation, and
system reconfiguration following a casualty condition.
xx
PE equipment should latch parameter values at the
time of the fault and communicate fail status to higherlevel controllers.
xx
PE equipment should interact with other PE equipment for power flow management and fault handling.
xx
High-resistance grounding is recommended on the
source side of isolated and otherwise ungrounded threewire, three-phase distribution systems with voltages of
more than 1,000 V and aggregated power above 1.5 MW.
xx
The PE should have a minimum efficiency of 95% (5%
total losses); at rated load condition, the PE should be
provided with an overload rating of 150% for 1 min.
xx
The components used in the PE equipment covered by
this standard should be used in accordance with their
IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / j une 2 0 1 5

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015

IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - 1
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IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2015 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
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