IEEE Electrification - June 2019 - 9

distribute the two 12-kV circuits to
two new substations near the proposed e-RTG stacking runs. These
substations would transform the
12 kV to 4,160 V and then distribute
the 4,160 V circuits to two termination points-one for each RTG stacking run-for a total of four 4,160-V
termination points. SSA Marine will
be connecting the e-RTGs to the grid
at these points.
The project includes a first-inthe-nation battery package replacing the onboard auxiliary diesel
engines allowing the e-RTGs to
unplug from the grid and move
from one container stack to another
during normal operations. The
package will be contained within a
20-ft cargo container.
Ten battery-electric yard trucks
will use 200-kW charging stations
from BYD. The project will install six
of these chargers at a central location
on Pier G for ITS and four at Middle
Harbor for the LBCT. Although there
will initially be only six at Pier G for
ITS, the new infrastructure being
installed by SCE will support up to 20.
These high-powered chargers will
enable the terminals to overcome a
key barrier to widespread market
adoption of zero-emissions technologies, i.e., the ratio of charge time to
operating time, so that yard trucks
can meet the real-world minimum
requirements of two shifts per day.
Under a separate funding stream,
ITS and the LBCT will each install a
100-kW "smart charger," supporting
the fast, large-scale charging system
while transitioning its fleet to zero
emissions. Innovations include
charging "arms," which intelligently
engage with a properly modified yard
tractor and disengage when charging
is complete.
The plug-in hybrid trucks will be
equipped with onboard chargers.
TTSI will also install two transformerequipped charging stations, where
the trucks can plug in and recharge.
The trucks will be able to refuel at
TTSI's on-site LNG fueling stations as

well as at nearby Clean Energy, which
offers Redeem, the first commercially
available LNG vehicle fuel.
The workforce development component of the Zero-Emissions Terminal Equipment Project will assess the
existing skills of the region's workforce and expand training programs
for jobs that support the Port's transition to zero-emissions equipment.
The Port's partners are LBCC and the
International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW). The project is due
to be completed in late 2020.

Port Advanced Vehicle
Electrification Project
The Port Advanced Vehicle Electrification Project (PAVE) focuses on strategic, cost-effective solutions for future
deployments of charging and alternative fuel infrastructure in zero-emissions cargo-handling equipment.
Total Terminals International (TTI),
SCE, TransPower, and the IBEW are
among the partners. Others include
ChargePoint, Inc., a leading electric
vehicle (EV) charging network; Kalmar Global, a leading terminal tractor
OEM; the Electric Vehicle Infrastructure Training Program, an industryled training program; the South Coast
Air Quality Management District, the
region's air quality regulatory agency;
the Electric Power Research Institute
(EPRI); and Ramboll, a leader in sustainability engineering.
With a US$8 million grant from
the CEC, the US$16.8 million project
has three core components:
xx
installing sufficient electrical
infrastructure to support up to 39
charging stations in the future
xx
developing software to identify,
estimate, and forecast the costs
and requirements of establishing
zero-emissions terminals and
advanced energy operations
xx
installing the world's first dc fastcharging system in a seaport
environment.
The project supports the first
phase of transition to a zero-emissions future at the Port's largest

container terminal, Pier T, operated
by TTI.

PAVE Dynamic Energy
Forecasting Tool
The Port, Ramboll, port tenants, EPRI,
and SCE are developing a first-ever
flexible software tool known as the
Dynamic Energy Forecasting Tool
(DEFT). DEFT will allow the Port to
evaluate the impact of new electrical
equipment on the existing port electrical infrastructure and assess where
electrical and refueling infrastructure
upgrades may be required. DEFT will
also analyze how a combination of
energy efficiency measures, energy
storage, flexible charging times, and
other steps could help the Port and its
tenants avoid costly infrastructure
upgrades. The software will be adaptable and customizable to account for
changing assumptions unique to specific tenants and operators. The POLB
will make DEFT available to other
ports and terminal operators and
offer training to better guide planning
and infrastructure deployments for
others transitioning to zero emissions.

PAVE Infrastructure
The PAVE infrastructure will be
based at TTI's Pier T facility, where
the Port estimates full electrification
of all vehicles and cargo-handling
equipment could require more than
85 MVA of instantaneous power
demand, excluding any load management technologies. As such, the
project incorporates an array of
technology and software solutions
to help the Port and its tenants intelligently and efficiently deploy zeroemissions freight vehicles and
equipment. Based on TTI's current
and future plans for battery-electric
yard hostlers and forklifts, PAVE will
install electrical infrastructure and
"stubouts" supporting up to 39 charging stations at Pier T.

Fast Charging
Long Beach will be the world's first
port to deploy and demonstrate a
IEEE Elec trific ation Magazine / J UNE 2 0 1 9

IEEE Electrification - June 2019

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