IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 17

Both consumer
demand and
regulation have
been drivers in the
shift to vehicle
electrification, with
significant growth
expected over the
next 20 years.

and fuel-economy benefits, partially
due to its superior energy-recouping
potential. Both performance and efficiency can be increased variably by
the P2 and P0 systems.
Fuel-consumption benefits are
compared in Figure 9. Two drive cycles
are utilized to compare efficiency
gains: the new European driving cycle
(NEDC) and worldwide harmonized
light vehicles test cycle (WLTC). Typically, the NEDC cycle allows for more
recuperation, resulting in slightly
higher fuel-economy benefits. The P2
system offers the most gain when
compared to a conventional start-
stop system and the P0 system offers
the least. P2 systems can better leverage engine, transmission, and power-control strategies, and P3 and P4 options
offer promising benefits with less integration required.

Product Examples
The S-wind (SW) 270 electric motor (Figure 10) is BorgWarner's next-generation motor for P2 applications in passenger cars and light-duty vehicles. The S-wind construction
offers compact packaging with short overall length, greater active stack length, and 95% peak efficiency. The distributed wound stator coupled with a skewed rotor is
optimized for low NVH to offer low torque ripple and high
performance density. The motor offers water or oil cooling
options for maximum continuous performance. BorgWarner can offer customers P2 on- and off-axis systems as
well as P3 and P4 systems.
The P2 on-axis module (Figure 11) converts a combustion-powered vehicle into a hybrid without changing the engine or transmission. This enables the
expansion of vehicle portfolios with less investment
and more flexibility. The module is placed between the
engine and transmission and combines a high-voltage
electric traction motor, engine disconnect clutch, clutch
control module, and dual-mass flywheel into a compact package nested inside the motor. The P2 on-axis
drive module is compatible with existing vehicle platforms and allows the system to decouple from the
engine for pure electric driving.
BorgWarner's P2 drive module is also available in an
off-axis configuration (Figure 12). This design places the
electric motor parallel to the main axis and connects the
system using chain technologies that create maximum
torque transfer. This P2 drive module offers flexibility to
place the electric motor where there is space in existing
architectures, either on or off axis. It offers start-stop,
regenerative braking, and supplemental electric propulsion, and applies to 48-V and high-voltage hybrid systems.
For off-axis solutions, the 48-V motor generator with
integrated electronics (MGi) integrated motor/inverter was

developed (Figure 13). The system
offers a high-performance, 48-V electrical machine with integrated electronics, software, and controls for
P0-P4 hybrid systems. Its state-of-theart solutions have the scalability of
power between 20 and 30 kW.

Market Data

Both consumer demand and regulation
have been drivers in the shift to vehicle
electrification, with significant growth
expected over the next 20 years. The
European Union has targets of 80-95%
reduced emissions for 2050 based on
1990 levels. In the United States, the
California Air Resources Board has a
22% zero-emission vehicle credit requirement, which can be
followed by Section 177 states. China is implementing the
New Energy Vehicle credit by 2020 to drive EV sales. Also,
local restrictions are limiting internal combustion usage,
and Japan is aiming to become a hydrogen society by 2050.
All of these indicators point to P0 evolving as a massmarket solution, in part, for its ease of integration, P2 systems used for their ability to reduce CO2 emissions and
integrate most functions, with P3 and P4 systems becoming the choice for SUV and AWD solutions.

Conclusions
There is a seismic shift toward battery EVs underway in the
global automotive industry. However, it is not possible to
make that shift in a single leap due to technology development time, infrastructure shortcomings, a wide spectrum of
transportation needs, and manufacturing limitations.
Instead, it will be made in phases over years or decades.
The 48-V mild hybrid solution will hold an important
role in this evolution; it offers meaningful advantages for
vehicle emissions, fuel economy, and performance at reasonable costs. BorgWarner's electrified product portfolio
offers effective and immediate solutions to bring these
benefits to the market.

Biographies
Steve Hayslett (shayslett@borgwarner.com) is a senior
manager with xEV Systems Concepts, BorgWarner.
Keith Van Maanen (kvanmaanen@borgwarner.com) is
a senior technical specialist focused on hybrid and electric
vehicles with the corporate advanced engineering group,
BorgWarner.
Wolfgang Wenzel (wwenzel@borgwarner.com) is a
technical expert on hybrid powertrains, efficiency and
emission legislation with the portfolio strategy team,
BorgWarner.
Tausif Husain (thusain@borgwarner.com) is a senior
electric machine engineer with BorgWarner.


	

IEEE Elec trific ation Magazine / J UNE 2 0 2 0

17



IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020

Contents
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Contents
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 2
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 4
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 5
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 6
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 7
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 8
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 9
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 10
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 11
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 12
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 13
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 14
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 15
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 16
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 17
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 18
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 19
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 20
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 21
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 22
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 23
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 24
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 25
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 26
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 27
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 28
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 29
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 30
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 31
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 32
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 33
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 34
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 35
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 36
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 37
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 38
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 39
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 40
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 41
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 42
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 43
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 44
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 45
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 46
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 47
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 48
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 49
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 50
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 51
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 52
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 53
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 54
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 55
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 56
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 57
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 58
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 59
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 60
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 61
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 62
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 63
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - 64
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification Magazine - June 2020 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2013
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2013
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com