IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2014 - 54
By Tomislav Dragicˇevic´, Juan C. Vasquez,
Josep M. Guerrero, and Davor Škrlec
Advanced LVDC
Electrical Power
Architectures
and Microgrids
A step toward a new generation
of power distribution networks.
urrent trends indicate that worldwide electricity distribution networks are
experiencing a transformation toward
direct current (dc) at both the generation
and consumption level. this tendency is
powered by the outburst of various electronic loads and, at
the same time, the struggle to meet the lofty goals for the
sharing of renewable energy sources (ress) in satisfying
total demand. ress operate either natively at dc or have a
dc link in the heart of their power electronic interface,
whereas the end-point connection of electronic loads, batteries, and fuel cells is exclusively dc. therefore, merging
these devices into dedicated dc distribution architectures
through corresponding dc-dc converters is an attractive
option not only in terms of enhancing efficiency because
C
Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MELE.2013.2297033
Date of publication: 18 March 2014
54
I E E E E l e c t r i f i cati o n M agaz ine / MARCH 2014
of reduction of conversion steps but also for realizing
power quality independence from the utility mains. these
kinds of systems generally provide improved reliability in
comparison to their alternating current (ac) counterparts
since the number of active elements in dc-dc power electronic devices is smaller than in dc-ac converters. control
design in dc systems is also significantly simpler since
there are no reactive and harmonic power flows or problems with synchronization.
Historical Perspective: Return to dc
the present electrical power supply systems are the
product of a long-term technological development that
started at the end of 19th century. the trigger for its rapid
uprising was the invention of the transformer, the first
device that was able to transform ac voltages to different
values and, hence, keep the line losses at low levels, even
when transmitting electric power at long distances. the
2325-5987/14/$31.00©2014IEEE
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