(b) (a) Figure 7. (a) Side and (b) front views of the AeroMobil 3.0. (Photos courtesy of AeroMobil.) (a) (b) Figure 8. The PAL-V ONE flying vehicle (a) in the air and (b) on the ground. (Photos courtesy of PAL-V.) (a) (b) Figure 9. The Terrafugia concept car TF-X (a) on the ground and (b) in the air. (Photos courtesy of Terrafugia.) be a seamless transition from airplane mode to groundvehicle mode and vice versa for smooth operation of the vehicle. An analysis of the past designs reveals compromises in the road-vehicle mode to provide a flyable aircraft. These vehicles generally have an unusual shape 50 I E E E E l e c t r i f i cati o n M agaz ine / March 2016 and size, making them unable to fit in with other road traffic. Many of these vehicles had unsafe design concepts like exposed control surfaces and avionics sensors. Several other designs compromise the aircraft mode. This invariably resulted in an impractical flying