IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2020 - 60

were presented. Some application examples for the benefit
of the microgrid technical community were carried out,
and some voltage, frequency, and mode transition tests
were performed. The experimental tests and results presented in this article demonstrate the system performance
and the flexibility of the control system. These and other
tests show that CANREL can be a powerful testbed for testing and deployment of renewable energy in the context of
microgrids. CANREL is open for public collaboration with
industry, government, and academia for the following:
xx
testing of proponent-specific devices and products
and controllers
xx
testing and demonstration of microgrids with high
renewable penetration in islanded and grid-connected
microgrids
xx
development of microgrid standards.

Acknowledgments
This work was supported by Canadian Solar and the
Ontario Ministry of Energy's Smart Grid Fund.

For Further Reading
E. Nasr-Azadani, C. Canizares, D. Olivares, and K. Bhattacharya, "Stability analysis of unbalanced distribution systems
with synchronous machine and DFIG based distributed generators," IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 2326-2338,
Sept. 2014. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2014.2321709.
M. Nasr, E. Nasr-Azadani, H. Nafisi, S. H. Hosseinian, and
P. Siano, "Assessing the effectiveness of weighted information
gap decision theory integrated with energy management systems for isolated microgrids," IEEE Trans. Ind. Informat., to be
published. doi:10.1109/TII.2019.2954706.
E. Nasr-Azadani, C. Canizares, and K. Bhattacharya, "Modeling and stability analysis of distributed generation," in Proc.
IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, July 2012, pp. 1-8.
doi: 10.1109/PESGM.2012.6345141.
M. Arriaga, C. Canizares, and M. Kazerani, "Renewable
energy alternatives for remote communities in Northern
Ontario, Canada," IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, vol. 4, no. 3,
pp. 661-670, July 2013. doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2012.2234154.
M. Arriaga, E. Nasr, and H. Rutherford, "Renewable
energy microgrids in northern remote communities," IEEE
Potentials, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 22-29, Sept. 2017. doi: 10.1109/
MPOT.2017.2702798.
R. H. Lasseter et al., "CERTS microgrid laboratory test bed,"
IEEE Trans. Power Del., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 325-332, Jan. 2011. doi:
10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2051819.
E. Hossain, E. Kabalci, R. Bayindir, and R. Perez, "Microgrid
testbeds around the world: State of art," Energy Convers. Manage., vol. 86, pp. 132-153, Oct. 2014. doi: 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.05.012.
M. Barnes et al., "Microgrid laboratory facilities," in Proc.
Int. Conf. Future Power System, Nov. 2005, p. 6. doi: 10.1109/
FPS.2005.204229.
G. Turner, J. P. Kelley, C. L. Storm, D. A. Wetz, and W.-J. Lee,
"Design and active control of a microgrid testbed," IEEE Trans.
Smart Grid, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 73-81, Jan. 2015. doi: 10.1109/
TSG.2014.2340376.
A. Cagnano, E. D. Tuglie, and L. Cicognani, "Prince-electrical energy systems lab: A pilot project for smart microgrids,"
Electr. Power Syst. Res., vol. 148, pp. 10-17, July 2017. doi:
10.1016/j.epsr.2017.03.011.

60

I E E E E l e c t r i f i cati o n M agaz ine / MARCH 2020

C. Wang et al., "A highly integrated and reconfigurable
microgrid testbed with hybrid distributed energy sources,"
IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 451-459, Jan. 2016. doi:
10.1109/TSG.2014.2360877.
M. Meiqin, D. Ming, S. Jianhui, L. Chang, S. Min, and Z.
Guorong, "Testbed for microgrid with multi-energy ge--
nerators," in Proc. Canadian Conf. Electrical and Computer
-Engineering, May 2008, pp. 000637-000640. doi: 10.1109/CCECE
.2008.4564613.
B. Zhao, X. Zhang, and J. Chen, "Integrated microgrid laboratory system," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 2175-
2185, Nov. 2012. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2012.2192140.
M. Pereira, D. Limon, D. M. de la Pena, T. Alamo, and L. Valverde, "Periodic economic control of a non-isolated microgrid,"
IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62, no. 8, pp. 5247-5255, Aug. 2015.
doi: 10.1109/TIE.2015.2404815.
M. Petrollese, L. Valverde, D. Cocco, G. Cau, and J. Guerra,
"Real-time integration of optimal generation scheduling with
MPC for the energy management of a renewable hydrogenbased microgrid," Appl. Energy, vol. 166, no. 2016, pp. 96-106,
Mar. 2016. doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.01.014.
IEEE Standard Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment
Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems,
IEEE Standard 1547.1, 2005.
Standard for Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment for Use with Distributed Energy Resources,
UL 1741 Standard, 2010.
D. Olivares et al., "Trends in microgrid control," IEEE Trans.
Smart Grid, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 1905-1919, May 2014. doi: 10.1109/
TSG.2013.2295514.
IEEE Guide for Design, Operation, and Integration of Distributed
Resource Island Systems with Electric Power Systems, IEEE Standard 1547.4, 2011.

Biographies
Ehsan Nasr-Azadani (ehsan.nasr@microsoft.com) is with
Microsoft, Redmond, Washington.
Peter Su (peter.su410@gmail.com) is with Canadian
Solar, Guelph, Canada.
Wenda Zheng (zhengwd1@gmail.com) is with Transimple Technologies Inc., Kitchener, Canada.
Janos Rajda (janos.rajda@gmail.com) is with Ryda
Design and Service, Mississauga, Canada.
Claudio Cañizares (ccanizares@uwaterloo.ca) is with
the University of Waterloo, Canada.
Mehrdad Kazerani (mkazerani@uwaterloo.ca) is with
the University of Waterloo, Canada.
Erik Veneman (eveneman@guelphhydro.com) is with
Alectra, Guelph, Canada.
Stephen Cress (stephen.cress@kinectrics.com) is with
Kinectrics, Toronto, Canada.
Michael Wittemund (mwittemund@guelphhydro.com)
is with Alectra, Guelph, Canada.
Manoj Rao Manjunath (mmanjunath@alectrautilities
.com) is with Alectra, Guelph, Canada.
Nicolas Wrathall (nicolas.wrathall@kinectrics.com) is
with Kinectrics, Toronto, Canada.
Mike Carter (mike.carter@canadiansolar.com) is with
Canadian Solar, Guelph, Canada.
http://mmanjunath@alectrautilities.com
IEEE Electrification Magazine - March 2020

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