IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - 29

(a)

(b)

(c)

Figure 13. (a) A stationary de-icing device for ultrahigh-voltage lines, (b) an MDID for transmission networks, and (c) an MDID for distribution networks.
(Source: State Key Laboratory; used with permission.)

transformer to generate a dc current. The transmission
line de-icing process is depicted in Figure 14(b).

Emergency Preparedness and Operation
Responsiveness Stages
In this section, an emergency preparedness and operation
responsiveness strategy is presented for coordinating electric power and transportation system operations. At first,
local authorities will designate a provincial emergency system operator to govern the operation of electric transmission and roadway systems at the regional (province) level.
In addition, municipal authorities will establish a municipal
emergency system operator to coordinate the management
of the local distribution network and road traffic. These two
emergency system operators work closely with corresponding public and private companies to implement the infrastructural preparedness and operation for a smooth
execution of emergencies during the ice storm.
As seen in Figure 15, emergency preparedness based on
the information provided by long- and midterm ice storm
forecasts is executed before the ice storm strikes and emergency operation is executed. The emergency preparedness
provides preventive measures that include the day-ahead
generation unit commitment and dispatch scheduling as
well as the pre-positioning of a specified number of MDIDs
at each pre-position depot. During the ice storm, emergency operators co-optimize the real-time power system dispatch, MDID routing, and DIS, using short-term ice storm
forecasts and real-time ice storm monitoring data to maximize the power system security and minimize any load
curtailments. De-icing devices draw additional active and
reactive power from power lines to generate a dc current.
The required power supply to de-icing devices can be interrupted on such occasions if the power system dispatch is
not optimized. The power system dispatch optimizes the
generation unit output to minimize load curtailment and
any power supply interruptions resulting from de-icing.

transportation constraints. The provincial operators need
to route and pre-position transmission-network MDIDs in
advance to de-ice transmission lines before any major
damages can take place. If MDIDs are not pre-positioned
properly in the provincial system of electricity and roads,
the mobile devices might not be able to reach the critical
spots during storms to de-ice the designated transmission
lines quickly. Additionally, because transmission-line deicing will consume a large amount of power, provincial
emergency system operators need to determine a proper
hourly, long-term unit commitment (considering the
maintenance of thermal units as well as fuel and hydro

(a)

(b)

Emergency Preparedness Before an Ice Storm
Provincial emergency system operators must guarantee
the supply of bulk power considering electricity and

Figure 14. (a) The operation of an MDID for de-icing the transmission
line and (b) the transmission-line de-icing process. (Source: State Key
Laboratory; used with permission.)

IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / S EP T EM BE R 2 0 1 9

IEEE Electrification - September 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification - September 2019