IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - 49

may even result in a larger quantity of air pollution
emissions. China's energy mix, for example, is dominated by coal, which accounted for 71.8% of the nationwide electricity generation in 2017. Due to the
difference in the energy mix, the lifecycle emissions of

SHUTTERSTOCK

SHUTTERSTOCK

an EV in China may be much higher than that in the
European Union (EU) (see Figure 9). Unless China turns
to charging EVs using renewable energy, there will be
little sense to charging EVs using coal instead of fueling
with gasoline.

(b)
6
5

Supply
Demand

2
1
0

Beijing
Shenzhen
Shanghai
Guangzhou
Najing
Tianjin
Chongqing
Chengdu
Wuhan
Hangzhou
Qingdao
Suzhou
Xian
Shenyang
Zhengzhou
Ningbo
Changsha
Wuxi
Dalian
Jinan

4
3

SHUTTERSTOCK

Parking Gap (Million)

(a)

Parking Space Gap in 20 Chinese Cities by 2020
(d)

(c)

SHUTTERSTOCK

Figure 7. Finding a parking spot to charge an EV can be a struggle in some developing countries. A residential complex (a) in Harbin, China,
and (b) in Delhi, India. (c) A shortage of parking spaces in an urban community. (d) A graph showing the anticipated shortfall in available parking spaces in 20 cities by 2020. (Graph source: National Development and Reform Commission.)

(a)

dc Charger
Voltage: 482.20 V
Current: 92.20 A
Power: 44.5 kW
ac Charger
Voltage: 218.20 V
Current: 18.16 A
Power: 4.0 kW

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

Figure 8. Examples of challenges and threats to a weak distribution grid. (a) Aging power lines in Delhi, India. (b) An aging transformer in Harbin,
China. (c) A dc charger for EVs. (d) An ac charger for EVs. (e) A bank of converters inside an EV charger.

	

IEEE Electrific ation Magazine / S EP T EM BE R 2 0 1 9

49



IEEE Electrification - September 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Electrification - September 2019

Contents
IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - Cover1
IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - Cover2
IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - Contents
IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - 2
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IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - Cover3
IEEE Electrification - September 2019 - Cover4
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2017
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_march2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_june2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_september2014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/electrification_december2014
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