IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - 34

Down,
but Not Out
By James Feltes and
Carlos Grande-Moran

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2013.2285608
Date of publication: 17 December 2013

34

ieee power & energy magazine

©iStockimageS.com/clipartdotcom

M

Modern power systeMs are highly reliable.
they are operated to withstand the variability in system conditions that occurs in the course of normal operations, including the
daily changes in load levels, generation dispatch, and equipment
availability. Modern power systems must also provide reliable
service to load during unusual events, such as faults and the tripping of transmission lines or generating units. extreme events can
occur, however, that may lead to partial or total system blackouts.
to recover from such catastrophic events, utilities thus have a
responsibility to develop detailed plans and procedures for restoring the power system safely, efficiently, and as expeditiously
as possible. this article gives a brief overview of many issues
involved in power system restoration.
restoration challenges can be subdivided into three areas:
regulatory, economic, and technical. only a very brief overview
of the first two will be given here, as our emphasis will be on
the technical issues associated with the restoration of a power
system following a partial or total blackout.
regulatory issues are associated with directives from the
authorities in charge of determining the required level of service reliability to be supplied by the utilities to end users. as
part of this process, the regulatory authorities generally establish criteria and requirements for power system restoration.
in the United states, standards and criteria are established by
the north american electric reliability Corporation (nerC),
the nuclear regulatory Commission, the nerC regional
authorities, and the local independent system operator (iso) or
regional transmission operator (rto). while the exact process

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - 1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - January/February 2014 - Cover4
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