IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 1

magazine

Volume 14 * Number 2 * March/April 2016
www.ieee.org/power

features
22 Refurbish Rather Than Replace
By Ruth Johnson and Gene Wolf

32 When It's Time to Upgrade
By Wayne Litzenberger, Karl Mitsch,
and Muklesur Bhuiyan

42 Making Old New Again
By Hubert Bilodeau, Saman Babaei,
Bruno Bisewski, Josh Burroughs, Chris Drover,
Jeffrey Fenn, Bruce Fardanesh, Brad Tozer,
Ben Shperling, and Patrick Zanchette

57 Extending Their Lifetimes

contents

©ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/ENIS AKSOY

on the
cover

IMAGES LICENSED BY GRAPHIC STOCK

32

By Neil M. Kirby, Paul E. Marken, Michael
Paradis, Pei Wang, Ian Plowright, Hyung-Bae
Moon, Dag Ingemansson, Reginald Mendis,
and Ben Mehraban

66 Keeping the Power Flowing
By Hans Björklund, Anna Thelénius,
Urban Elgqvist, Jens Peter Kjærgaard,
and Colin Reddy

72 Refurbishments in Australasia

By Brian Gemmell and Matthew Korytowski

80

columns &
departments
4
6
8
16
80
98
100
112

From the Editor
Leader's Corner
Letters to the Editor
Guest Editorial
History
Awards
Calendar
In My View

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2015.2501219

march/april 2016

ieee power & energy magazine

1



http://www.ieee.org/power http://www.ISTOCKPHOTO.COM/ENIS

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 4
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 5
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 6
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 7
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 8
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 9
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 10
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 11
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 12
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 13
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 14
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 15
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 16
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 17
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 18
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 19
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 20
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 21
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 22
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 23
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 24
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 25
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 26
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 27
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 28
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 29
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 30
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 31
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 32
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 33
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 34
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 35
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 36
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 37
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 38
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 39
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 40
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 41
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 42
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 43
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 44
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 45
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 46
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 47
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 48
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 49
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 50
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 51
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 52
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 53
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 54
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 55
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 56
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 57
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 58
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 59
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 60
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 61
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 62
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 63
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 64
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 65
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 66
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 67
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 68
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 69
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 70
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 71
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 72
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 73
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 74
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 75
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 76
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 77
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 78
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 79
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 80
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 81
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 82
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 83
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 84
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 85
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 86
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 87
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 88
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 89
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 90
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 91
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 92
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 93
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 94
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 95
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 96
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 97
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 98
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 99
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 100
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 101
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 102
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 103
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 104
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 105
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 106
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 107
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 108
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 109
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 110
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 111
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 112
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 113
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - 114
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - March/April 2016 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070820
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050620
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030420
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010220
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070819
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050619
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030419
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010219
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070818
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050618
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030418
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010218
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091017
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070817
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050617
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030417
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010217
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091016
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070816
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050616
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030416
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ieee/powerenergy_010216
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091015
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070815
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050615
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030415
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010215
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_111214
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_091014
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_070814
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_050614
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_030414
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/pes/powerenergy_010214
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com