IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2015 - 33
An urgent need exists to enhance the resilience of our nation's
electricity delivery infrastructure to reduce the impact from
natural disasters and climate change events.
Distribution Resilience Design Tool
This object of this project by Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) is to create a decision support tool for designing resilient distribution grids and selecting optimal resilience
upgrades for existing distribution grids. This tool will enable
distribution grid designers to discover and prioritize costeffective system upgrades and expansions that enable the utility to minimize future damage to their grid and outages to
customers through improved, cost-effective designs. The project is leveraging many existing modules developed under the
DHS National Infrastructure Simulation and Analysis Center at LANL for predicting infrastructure impacts of major
natural disasters. In fiscal year (FY) 2014, LANL adapted a
probabilistic damage model for distribution grid components
under ice/snow storm conditions and integrated the component damage models and a distribution power solver into a network optimization tool to predict distribution system impacts
as well as provide decision support analysis. The tool capabilities for modeling the fragility of key distribution grid equipment to ice/snow storm hazards, distribution system impacts
resulting from the damage, and the design of system upgrades
to improve resilience were presented.
Ongoing project activities include testing, evaluating,
and demonstrating a prototype of the optimal resilience tool
for multiple hazards (ice and flooding). Out-year work will
include incorporating restoration models and optimization
into the design tool, following the design process flow shown
in Figure 6.
Updated
System Model
Microgrids Enhancing the Resiliency
of Distribution Systems
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and Washington State University are working together to examine
the use of microgrids as a resiliency resource. Dynamic
simulation capabilities and a power system model have
been developed and used to examine reconfiguration and
restoration strategies that will allow microgrids to operate as a resiliency resource at the customer and community level. The former involves having generation assets
within a microgrid serve only local loads, while the latter involves serving critical loads outside of the boundaries of the microgrid as well. An extended application of
having microgrids act as a black start resource is being
studied in FY 2015, such as supporting the auxiliary
systems (e.g., feed water pumps and condensate pumps)
necessary to bring a thermal plant online during grid outages. This will include examining the impact on existing
protection schemes and expanding the existing dynamic
system model to include portions of the local serving utility's subtransmission system so that additional system
constraints such as subtransmission charging inrush and
generator reactive power limits can be studied.
In addition, the DOE recently awarded more than US$8
million to seven microgrid projects to help cities and towns better prepare for extreme weather events and other potential electricity disruptions, in support of President Obama's Climate
Action Plan and the Administration's commitment to improve
Network Design
Optimization
Response
Optimization
System Model
Base
Model
Fragility Model
Event
Distribution
Damaged
System Model
Operations
Restoration
and Recovery
Compute
Metrics
Utility
Priorities
Data-Driven
Damage Model
figure 6. A resilience design process flow for the development of the distribution resilience design tool.
may/june 2015
ieee power & energy magazine
33
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