IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - May/June 2015 - 74
Today's streetlights are rife with issues. Lightbulbs and
ballasts blow out and manual repairs are delayed for weeks, or
they provide only nominal illumination of the required area.
They fail to switch off properly and provide light when they
should not (day burners). The current lights, predominantly
mercury vapor or high-pressure sodium, degrade noticeably
over time and their lumen output diminishes. Upgrading to
LED fixtures ameliorates some of these problems; networking the fixtures solves the rest.
The benefits of networked LED streetlights include:
✔ a 60% reduction in energy and operating costs associated with streetlights
✔ a 15-20 year life span of the LED unit
✔ remote dimming during low traffic hours (12 a.m.-6 a.m.)
✔ scheduling on/off and dimming with sunrise, sunset,
and special events
✔ the remote detection of malfunctioning fixtures
✔ the detection of day burners
✔ fewer undetected light or pole failures
✔ the ability to measure energy usage in each fixture
with an embedded meter.
The automatic outage detection and remote monitoring installed with these streetlights will make the jobs of
maintenance supervisors and facilities members a little
easier by reducing the number of repairs and removing the
need for crews to search for unreliable lights. This automatic detection will also mean a significantly increased
reliability of the overall streetlighting system, translating
into the comfort and safety of the students and faculty on
our south side campus.
A Focus on Security
Throughout this project, we have worked extensively with
IIT's Public Safety Office because we are working with a
device with the main purpose of illuminating the streets
and public walkways at night (see Figure 10). The location
of these replacement lights was chosen due to the Public
Safety Office's concerns about an area of the campus posing
a higher safety risk to students due to unreliable and aging
high-pressure sodium lamps and late-night student traffic.
While physical security has been one of our primary concerns, the CSMART project team is also concerned with the
cybersecurity issues surrounding communications in previously "dumb" devices and with issues of interference with
existing smart grid devices.
Phase 2
Phase 2 is concerned with the effect of smart streetlights on
the resilience of the overall distribution grid and with cybersecurity surrounding these intelligent devices. In this phase,
we sought answers to the following questions:
✔ What drawbacks or security vulnerabilities exist
in wireless networked lighting control systems in
smart cities, and what can be done to mitigate the
vulnerabilities?
✔ What are the economic drivers and other benefits of
LED streetlights and wireless networked control systems in smart cities?
✔ What are the advantages and disadvantages of different control and communication strategies for enhancing cybersecurity in smart cities?
figure 11. The display using the PI system for IIT's interactive one-line diagram (IIT SCADA).
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ieee power & energy magazine
may/june 2015
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