IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2016 - 103
1906 Burton Act Limited
New York's Imports and
Water Diversion
In 1906, Congress enacted the Burton
Act that limited the amount of power
that could be imported from the Canadian hydroelectric plants at Niagara Falls
(see Figure 17) and limited the amount
of water that could be diverted from the
Niagara River for the American plants.
Hydroelectric Power
Commission of Ontario
(later Ontario Hydro)
In 1910, the Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario (HEPC), the Province of Ontario's then-new public power
authority, signed a contract to purchase
100,000 hp (74.5 MW) of 25-Hz power
from the Ontario Power Company. With
HEPC expanding rapidly to service and
promote consumer and industrial power
needs throughout the province, the
july/august 2016
Ontario Power plant was purchased by
HEPC in 1917. HEPC acquired Toronto
Power in 1922.
In May 1917, HEPC started construction of its Queenston Chippawa
development, which was, at that time,
the largest hydroelectric development on the
Niagara Frontier. Water was taken from the
Welland River, which
flowed from its origin
near Hamilton to the
Niagara River at Chippawa. The flow of the
river was reversed for
3.7 mi (6 km) to take
water from the Niagara
River to supply a 8.7-mi (14-km) hydraulic canal that terminated at the forebay of HEPC's Queenston hydroelectric
plant (later Sir Adam Beck 1) located
on the Niagara River just upstream
from the Niagara Escarpment (the end
of the gorge) (see Figure 20). Ten turbines were located above river level.
The 12-kV generators located above
the turbines totaled 437 MW, initially
all 25 Hz. Construction was completed
in 1930. Although the
primary purpose was
power for the Province
of Ontario, two 69-kV
lines from the north
end of Beck 1 crossed
the gorge to connect
with the Niagara Falls
Power Company in New
York. Over a period of
years during and following the demise of
25 Hz, eight of the ten generators were
replaced with 60-Hz generators. In
the mid-1980s, one of the above 69-kV
lines was converted to 115 kV, 60 Hz
and used to connect one of the 60-Hz
In May 1917,
HEPC started
construction of
its Queenston
Chippawa
development.
ieee power & energy magazine
105
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