IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 24

By Philip Sterchele,
Andreas Palzer, and
Hans-Martin Henning

Electrify
Everything?
©istockphoto.com/tolokonov

T

The firsT efforTs To limiT greenhouse gas
(ghg) emissions on an international scale date back to 1997
with the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol. all contracting
states agreed to reduce their emissions by 18% in relation
to 1990. on 12 september 2015, in the Conference of Parties 21, a follow-up agreement was elaborated to assure an
ongoing pursuit of climate protection strategies. in total, 195
parties to the Convention agreed on common goals to further
reduce their ghg emissions. This climate agreement came
into force on 4 november 2016 and, as of november 2017,
was ratified by 170 states.
By the end of september 2010, the german federal government had already developed a strategy for an environmentally

Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/MPE.2018.2824100
Date of publication: 18 June 2018

24

ieee power & energy magazine

friendly, reliable, and affordable energy supply. By doing so,
the first steps for transforming the german energy system
were taken. The primary goal of this transformation, called
"energiewende," is to significantly reduce ghg emissions. figure 1 shows the historical emission values from 1990 to
2015 in germany divided into energy-related and other emissions, such as from agriculture and specific industry processes. The share of the energy-related emissions accounts
clearly for the majority of the total ghg emissions (approximately 85-90%). The blue line highlights the ghg emission reduction targets set by the german federal government:
−20% by 2010, −40% by 2020, −55% by 2030, −70% by
2040, and at least −80% in 2050 or −95% wherever possible
(relative to 1990).
To investigate what technologies are needed for a technically possible and economically feasible transformation of the

1540-7977/18©2018IEEE

july/august 2018


http://www.istockphoto.com/tolokonov

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018

Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Contents
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - 2
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - July/August 2018 - Cover4
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