IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - 81
that 40 cycles would give a universal system for arc and incandescent
lighting, transmission, induction
motors, synchronous converters
and about everything else. This frequency possessed many merits and
it was thought, at one time, that it
might win out, but apparently the
two other frequencies were too
well established, and the 40-cycle
system eventually lost ground.
This was about as positive a description of the advantages of a 40-Hz
frequency as could be expected from
a Westinghouse man such as Lamme,
given that this new frequency was being promoted by GE exclusively.
It is interesting to contemplate just how
much of GE's attempt to introduce 40 Hz
was based on pure technical considerations
and how much might have been related to
the fact that the 25- and 60-Hz frequencies
that it was meant to replace had been introduced by arch-rival Westinghouse.
In any event, GE proceeded with
the design of 40-Hz generators and motors. In 1898, the Mechanicville hydroelectric station on the Champlain
Canal north of Albany, New York, went
into service. A total of seven 750-kW
generators of GE design operated at
12,000 V. Initially, for reasons not now
apparent, the frequency was actually
38 Hz, but this was increased to 40 Hz just
a few years later. The Mechanicville plant
was not originally intended to interface
with any other electric power sources, so
the actual frequency was not critical.
About half of the power produced at
Mechanicville was intended for use in
the Schenectady GE plant by means of a
23-mi (37-km)-long, 12-kV transmission
line. The designs of both the generators
and the transmission line were greatly influenced by the legendary GE consulting
engineer, Dr. Charles Proteus Steinmetz.
In 1903, another 40-Hz hydroelectric
station went into operation further north of
Albany, at Spier Falls on the Hudson River
near the southern end of Lake George. A
total of seven 5,000-hp, 40-Hz generators
were installed. In 1924, these generators
were replaced with 9,000-hp, 60-Hz units.
Four 30,000-V transmission lines ran to
Schenectady. Then, in 1909, two 40-Hz
september/october 2015
hydroelectric generating stations were
constructed on the Hoosic River across the
Hudson River from Mechanicville. One
station was at Schaghticoke, and the other
was at Johnsonville. Together, they provided a total of 15,600 kW of 40-Hz power.
Two 32,000-V transmission lines ran from
these stations to Schenectady.
The Spier Falls station also provided 40-Hz power to the upstate New
York towns of Glens Falls, Fort Edward, Saratoga, and Ballston Spa. In
addition to Schenectady, 40-Hz power
was supplied to nearby Albany and
Troy, as well as to Watervliet, the home
of the Watervliet Arsenal.
Easy
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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover1
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover2
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - 1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover3
IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2015 - Cover4
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