september/october 2019 ieee power & energy magazine 51 Internet/ e-Business Wide Area Networks Substation Device Substation Integration RTO SCADA Service Integration EMS RTO/ISO Operations Operations WAMS Electric Storage Substation Controller Data Collector Transmission SCADA Service Integration EMS Transmission Operations Electric Storage Distributed Generation Electric Vehicle Meter Billing CIS Utility Provider Premises Networks Customer Internet/ e-Business Energy Services Interface Distributed Energy Resources Distribution Electric Storage Distributed Generation Field Device Field Area Networks Distribution SCADA MDMS Asset Management Service Integration Metering System Demand Response DMS Distribution Operations Billing CIS Thermostat Appliances Customer Equipment Customer EMS Others Aggregator Home/Building Manager Retail Energy Provider Third-Party Provider Service Providers figure 3. The National Institute of Standards and Technology's Smart Grid Framework 3.0, Conceptual Domains for Smart Grid Information Networks. ISO: independent system operator; RTO: regional transmission operator; EMS: energy management system; SCADA: supervisory control and data acquisition; WAMS: wide-area management system; DMS: distribution management system; MDMS: meter-data management system; CIS: customer information system. (Source: U.S. Department of Commerce.) Network Transmission Roles and Actors Gateway Role Communications Path Communications Path Changes Owner/Domain Domain Generation Generators Plant Control System Market Services Interface ISO/RTO Participant Energy Market Clearinghouse Aggregator Retailer/ Wholesaler Markets