IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2021 - 39

policy and regulation in appropriately allocating risks, costs,
and benefits to customers, system operators, and network service
providers.
A possible approach to procurement is to mandate
threshold levels at all nodes across the network (via the
specification of a minimum fault current level and short
circuit current ratios) and allocate maintaining these levels
to the transmission network service provider. As regulated
entities, there is some incentive for providers to procure
The upgrade is being delivered by Neoen in collaboration
with Tesla, the AEMO, and the network service provider
ElectraNet to demonstrate the capability of inverterconnected
generation to deliver a service equivalent to
one from a synchronously connected generator, which
is typically achieved by modeling and implementing the
theoretical response of a synchronously connected generator
at high speed to govern the response of the facility
to power system conditions. Tesla expects to show
a system functional inertial capability equivalent to
3,000 MW. Such a capacity has not been demonstrated
at grid scale but may represent a pathway to displac75
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a.m. 9:30 a.m. 10 a.m. 10:30 a.m. 11 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 12 p.m. 12:30 p.m. 1 p.m.
Time
(a)
Steam Turbine
Battery
capital equipment to include in their regulated asset base.
This may discourage the provision of synchronous services
from smaller, nimbler, and more efficient technologies in
the medium to long term. Australia's NEM experienced
the " gold plating " of its network during the first decade of
the millennium, with overinvestment in capital infrastructure
in network providers' regulated asset bases. There is
caution toward enacting regulation to revisit this through
the overprocurement of system strength and synchronous
ing synchronous generation for the provision of these
services in the future.
HPR enjoyed first-mover advantages as the initial gridscale
connected battery in Australia. At the time, it was
expected to prevent support for additional (nth of a kind)
battery investment, under the assumption that it had taken
the majority of the available funding. This has not been the
case. At the time of writing, 209 MW of grid-scale battery
storage are operating. A further 900 MW are expected for
delivery by 2024, and 7 GW are in the proposal phase in
addition to several gigawatts of pumped-hydro investments
slated across the country.
Unit Response
AGC Set Point
(b)
(c)
figure S2. (a) A comparison of the regulation frequency response capabilities of HPR compared to a steam turbine. (b) HPR.
(c) An extract of the Twitter conversation between Mike Cannon-Brookes and Elon Musk that formed the genesis of the battery.
AGC: automatic generation control. (Source: Twitter.)
september/october 2021
ieee power & energy magazine
39
Change in Output (MW)

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - September/October 2021