IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2015 - 43

The scale of renewable energy resource development
in a specific area depends on the scale
of the available power grid.

Several Conclusions on
Integrating VG in China
Some common conclusions on VG integration have been
made based on years of experience and research all over
the world. First, the capability of a specific power system to integrate VG depends on the flexibility of its generation and the extent of demand side response. Second,
the scale of renewable energy resource development in a
specific area depends on the scale of the available power
grid. Third, large-scale renewable energy integration can
be achieved with reasonable technical and economic solutions. Sound policy measures and industry management
mechanisms (either administrative or market) are key factors that determine the actual effectiveness of renewable
energy integration.
As with other countries, renewable energy development
is one of the basic national strategy choices. The Chinese
government has made it clear that nonfossil energy will
amount to a 15% energy share by 2020 and 20% by 2030.
In "Sino-U.S. Joint Statement on Climate Change" released
in November 2014, a promise was made by the Chinese government that carbon dioxide emissions will peak by 2030
or before. These demonstrate a great resolution of the Chinese government for energy transformation and low-carbon
development and provide opportunities for renewable energy
development. It is anticipated that the installed capacity of
wind power and PV power, respectively, will reach 200 GW
and 100 GW in 2020 and 400 GW and 300 GW in 2030, or
even more.
For power systems in China, poor flexibility is an "inherent" problem that system development and operation face all
the time. Coupled with the integration of a large amount of
wind and PV capacity in large power-bases, and along with
the habitual industry management with strong administrative focus, it makes VG integration in China more complicated. For VG integration in China, we make the following
observations and conclusions.
First, the generation portfolio is dominated by coal and
a lack of flexible generation, which restricts the ability of
China's power systems to integrate renewable energy. But
through policy measures and industry management improvement, the ability of the local power system to integrate VG
can be enhanced.
In the Three North areas, flexible generation such as
pumped hydro and gas turbines only take up 3% of the total
capacity. More than 76% of the generation is coal-fired power,
november/december 2015

table 1. China's grid codes and standards for wind
power integration and operation.
Name of Law and Standards
National laws

Renewable Energy Law

National
standards

Technical Rule for Connecting Wind
Farm to Power System
The Grid Operation Code
Methodology of Wind Energy Resource
Assessment for Wind Farm
The Rules for the Coordinated Operation
of Wind Power Forecasting and Power
Grid
The Management Rules for Wind Power
Forecasting
......

Industrial
standards

Design Regulations for Large-Scale Wind
Power Connecting to the System
Specification of Dispatching and
Operating Management for Wind Power
Functional Specification of Wind Power
Forecasting System
......

SGCC enterprise
standards

Technical Rule for Wind Farm Connected
to Power Grid
Specification of Dispatching and
Operating Management for Wind Power
Functional Specification of Wind Power
Forecasting System
Technical Regulation for Wind Farm
Reactive Power Configuration and
Voltage Control
Measurement Standard of Wind Farm
Power Regulation Capability and Power
Quality
Exchange Standard of Dispatching
Information on Wind Farm
Standards of Smart Grid Operation
Support System
Measurement Standard of Wind Turbine
Grid Adaptability
......

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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2015