IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2016 - 37

maximum permitted water
level and the top of the reservoir was reduced from 2 ft
to 1 ft.
✔ the primary instrumentation for measuring the water
level in the upper reservoir
was not physically secured
to the dike wall, resulting in
erroneous measurements.
✔ the backup instrumentation for guarding against
high water levels was found
to be located above the lowest elevation of the reservoir's containment.
✔ the logic configuration for
the backup instrumentation
required both sensors to indicate high water levels (or figure 3. The upper reservoir of the Taum Sauk plant, prior to 14 December 2005.
a loss of signal) for a shut- (Courtesy of FERC.)
down to be issued.
a major project to install a geomembrane liner for along the sides of the reservoir connected the sensors
significantly reducing leakage from the upper reservoir to an instrument cabinet located on the top of the parawas carried out between 9 september and 15 novem- pet well. notably, the structural system for securing the
ber 2004. at the same time, new instrumentation for pipes in place included clamps to prevent the sensors
measuring the water level in the upper reservoir was from moving downward but provided comparatively litinstalled. druck Model PtX 1230 piezoelectric pres- tle resistance to the sensors being pushed upward by the
sure transducers, known as druck pressure sensors, force of water. should the sensors rise in this manner,
became the primary means to measure the water level the water pressure on the sensors would be reduced for
in the upper reservoir and control pumping operations. a given amount of water in the reservoir, and hence they
according to the manufacturer, these sensors had an would underreport the elevation of the surface of the water
accuracy of ±0.58 ft. high-density polyethylene pipes in the reservoir.

figure 4. A cross section of the dike containing the upper reservoir as built, showing the maximum elevation of the
water, which was 2 ft below the top of the parapet wall. (Since construction, the top of the dike had settled 2 ft in spots,
making the 2005 elevations 2 ft lower than shown here.) (Courtesy of FERC.)
november/december 2016

ieee power & energy magazine

37



Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2016

IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2016 - Cover1
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IEEE Power & Energy Magazine - November/December 2016 - Cover3
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