Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 100
al igual que las luces, y la tensión no se
veía significativamente afectada por la
carga. Para el otoño de 1886, los sistemas de transmisión ZDB se encontraban en varias ciudades europeas. Un
folleto de 1889 de Ganz & Co. enumeró 71 sistemas ZDB instalados en todo
el mundo. La empresa construyó su
transformador número 10,000 (trifásico) en 1899 y su transformador número
100,000 en 1961.
En los Estados Unidos, William
Stanley, Jr. trabajó para tres empresas
de luz eléctrica antes de asociarse con
George Westinghouse. En 1884 y parte
de 1885, Stanley realizó experimentos
en Union Switch and Signal Company
de Westinghouse y luego se mudó a
Great Barrington, Massachusetts,
donde instaló un laboratorio en una
fábrica de caucho abandonada a las
afueras de la ciudad. Trabajando allí
bajo contrato para Westinghouse en
1886, diseñó e instaló el primer sistema de transmisión de CA práctico en
los Estados Unidos. Stanley rechazó
el diseño inestable de Gaulard-Gibbs
comprado por Westinghouse e inventó su propio dinamo, transformador
(gráfico 9) y sistema de distribución
monofásicos. Su sistema utilizaba
transformadores tipo carcasa con un
diseño diferente al de la versión ZDB,
conectados en paralelo y con luces conectadas en paralelo en el secundario,
al igual que el sistema ZDB. El experimento fue lo suficientemente exitoso
como para convencer a Westinghouse
de comenzar la construcción e instalación de un gran número de estaciones
centrales comerciales y sistemas de
transmisión de larga distancia con el
mismo diseño general. Para el 1.° de
septiembre de 1887, la Westinghouse Elect r ic Compa ny, constituida
el 8 de enero de 1886, había instalado 24 pequeñas estaciones centrales de CA en los Estados Unidos y
una en Canadá. En 1890, más de 300
empresas de estaciones centrales en
todo el mundo usaban sistemas Westinghouse.
El cierre de la empresa GaulardGibbs fue probablemente inevitable en
ausencia del respaldo de un fabricante
industrial bien establecido. Gaulard era
un joven y talentoso inventor sin visión
para los negocios, y se asoció con un
aficionado que carecía de capital. Si
Gaulard y Gibbs hubieran asistido a
la Exposición Nacional de Budapest
de 1885, podrían haberse dado cuenta de que pronto serían arrollados por
un competidor formidable. Ábrahám
Ganz había establecido una pequeña
fundición en Budapest en 1844. En
1854, comenzó a experimentar con el
enfriamiento del hierro fundido. Sus
ruedas de hierro fundido enfriado para
vagones de ferrocarril demostraron ser
superiores a las ruedas tradicionales de
hierro forjado y eran más seguras. La
empresa creció y prosperó. A fines de
1874, Ganz & Co. había fundido un total
de aproximadamente 300,000 ruedas.
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019
Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover1
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Contents
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 2
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - 4
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Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover3
Power & Energy Magazine - Spanish - September/October 2019 - Cover4
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