IEEE PES T&D Conference & Exposition 2022 - 115

IED sends a TO block signal prohibiting bank 1 to transfer
load. When a fault occurs in bank 1, a trip is sent to all breakers,
but there is no subsequent closing of the tie breaker.
Verification of PIU Communication
In Figure 8, the concept of subsystems was described with a
testing coverage that overlaps each other. In the tests performed
in section A, the protection IED schemes were verified. The
IED communications were also partially verified by:
✔ Verification that IEDs subscribe correctly to the PIU
SVs when simulated from the test set. As the test set
simulates them based on the SCL configuration file,
no issues are expected when they come from the
actual PIU (considering the IED is set to the proper
simulation mode);
✔ Verification of transmission and subscription of
GOOSE messages between P&C IEDs.
After the PIUs were in service, a network analyzer was connected
to the communication network to validate all the
traffic configured for the PIUs was present in the network.
The analyzer sniffs for all SVs and GOOSE published by all
PIUs and IEDs and compares them against the SCL configuration
files from engineering design.
During commissioning, a last test should be performed to
verify all cabling between PIU and the primary equipment.
Validating the Entire Loop
The last test performed was to validate all interfaces between
PIUs and IEDs, referred to as the " entire loop " in Figure 8.
Analog signals are injected into the PIU, causing a trip GOOSE
Trips
response from the IED, which is subscribed by the PIU. The
test setup was the same as in Figure 12, but the software is configured
to not simulate the SVs but inject analog instead. A test
set was physically connected to each of the PIUs in sequence.
In our lab setup, there were breaker simulators physically connected
to the PIU so it was possible to verify the proper breaker
position signaling sent by the PIU via GOOSE. This test is not
to assess the correctness of the protection scheme, but simply
to verify that all connections are in place. This test should be
repeated at least once during commissioning, preferably with
primary injection and actual breaker operation.
Conclusion
It is realized that digital substations bring substantial advantages
in the reduction of installation and commissioning
time, but at a cost of added complexity in the IED configuration,
such as communication mappings and user-configurable
logics. Digital substations also typically present a
distributed architecture with many digital communication
interfaces and distributed protection schemes. An efficient
test methodology is needed capable of unveiling potential
errors during project implementation, FAT, site acceptance

IEEE PES T&D Conference & Exposition 2022

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IEEE PES T&D Conference & Exposition 2022 - Intro
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