Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 9
AN ASSORTMENT of ticks that can be found in North America, some of which can be identified using the key to the left.
Perhaps too much blame is placed upon the lowly tick, because it does not begin its life infected; it is merely the middleman. All ticks require a blood meal for each developmental stage of their life cycle, which takes about two years to complete, and will starve to death without it. As soon as a tick completes feeding on an infected host, the little vampire drops to the ground as a potential disease vector to its next victim. Although B. burgdorferi lives in various mice species, squirrels and other small animals, it’s the white-footed mouse that is considered to be the main source of Lyme disease bacteria in ticks. Female ticks produce an egg cluster in the spring or summer that can hatch 6,500 larvae, each as small as a period at the end of a sentence, and all Examples of reported Lyme disease cases by state: free from infection. The tiny young tick New York 4,165 humans 14,354 animals larvae have six legs Pennsylvania 3,994 humans 6,854 animals and loiter in grasses, New Jersey 3,134 humans 8,111 animals brushy plants and old Connecticut 3,058 humans 3,118 animals Massachusetts 2,988 humans 23,011 animals stumps, waiting to Maryland 2,576 humans 5,396 animals latch onto and suck Wisconsin 1,814 humans 15,096 animals blood from prey that Minnesota 1,238 humans 16,510 animals include mice, chipmunks, squirrels,
JUNE 2010 9
songbirds, meadow voles and grouse. Fish are apparently the only vertebrates not plagued by the little blood suckers. The US Geological Survey at Patuxent Wildlife Research Center in Kingston, RI, found that “Engorged larvae drop from birds abundantly during daylight, so the abundance of bird species in the domestic environment suggests that they might contribute infected ticks to lawns and gardens.” Exposure is possible, now closer to home. The larvae molt and grow to become nymphs, or teenage ticks, and acquire eight legs, like an adult. Though some are as small as a poppy seed or a pepper grain, nymphs can climb a bit higher in grasses, shrubs and logs. There, the tick positions itself to hold out two up-raised legs, with hooked feet, to snag onto a passing host on which to dine. This process, known as “questing,” involves a lot of patience on the part of the tick, so ticks use various sensory cues for optimal positioning: vision to detect color and movement, along with smell to detect carbon dioxide produced by exhaling hosts. Birds, mice, chipmunks, shrews, voles, turkeys, rabbits, turtles and humans are opportunistic hosts for that second blood meal. It is during this feeding episode that the Lyme disease spirochete is transmitted through the tick’s saliva or via regurgitation into the host. This nymph stage gets
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010
Life & Times of the Whitetail Biologist
Contents
Two in One Day
The Ticking Time Bomb of Disease
The Patience of Patrick
There Were Stills in Them Thar Hills
The Hills Had Their Say
Are There Any Deer Left?
The Meat Market
Fun Game
Field Notes
Conservation News
Off the Wire
Another View
The Naturalist’s Eye
Straight from the Bowstring
Lock, Stock & Barrel
Crossings
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Life & Times of the Whitetail Biologist
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Two in One Day
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 4
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 5
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 6
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - The Ticking Time Bomb of Disease
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 8
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 9
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 10
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 11
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 12
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - The Patience of Patrick
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 14
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 15
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - There Were Stills in Them Thar Hills
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 17
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 18
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 19
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - The Hills Had Their Say
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 21
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 22
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 23
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 24
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Are There Any Deer Left?
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 26
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - The Meat Market
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 28
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 29
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Fun Game
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Field Notes
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 32
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 33
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 34
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 35
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Conservation News
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 37
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 38
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 39
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 40
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 41
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 42
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 43
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 44
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 45
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 46
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 47
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 48
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 49
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Off the Wire
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Another View
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 52
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 53
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - The Naturalist’s Eye
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 55
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 56
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Straight from the Bowstring
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 58
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 59
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 60
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Lock, Stock & Barrel
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 62
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 63
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Crossings
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 65
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - 66
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Cover3
Pennsylvania Game News - June 2010 - Cover4
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