Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 55

lotion to counteract poison ivy. Folks in Kentucky were said to use beech sap to treat tuberculosis. But, for those folks who might be wondering, Beechnut gum contains no beechnut product. The light-colored, hard and strong beech wood today is used for firewood, furniture veneer, railroad ties, crates, boxes and paper, and early settlers prized it for making charcoal and water wheels. The leaves and bark are popular for fabric dyes, now that natural dyes are all the fashion rage. Although mature beech trees reach a height of 60 to 75 feet and sometimes a trunk diameter of two to three feet, they cannot compare to those described by early North American travelers such as Prince Maximilian of Wied. Writing from southern Indiana in June of 1833, he recounted that he “came to a tall, gloomy forest, consisting almost wholly of large Beech trees, which afforded a most refreshing shade. The forest continued without intermission . . . The lofty crowns of the trees shut out the sky from our view. They were the most splendid forests I had yet seen in America . . . ” We’ll never see forests such as those again and, if beech bark disease continues to spread, not even the large trees we see today. Right now the current champion in Pennsylvania is in Montgomery County, with a diameter of 6 feet 8 inches and a height of 87 feet. So far, beech bark disease has not reached our hollow, but it is probably only a matter of time. Although the beech scale insect first came from Europe on nursery stock to Halifax, Nova Scotia before 1890, it was only after the Second World War that it began to move aggressively south, reaching Pennsylvania in 1958. The beech scale insect Crytococcus
FEBRUARY 2011

fagisuga causes the disease by inserting its needle-like mouthpart into the beech bark and tissues beneath and sucking out the nutrients. This opening allows a native fungal pathogen Nectria coccinea var. faginata to enter it via spores it produces that can be carried by the wind or insects. The fruiting bodies of the fungus are red and show up easily on the silver beech bark. If I see a waxy white crust on the trunk of a beech tree, I will know that beech scale insects have reached our hollow. Under the waxy material produced by the beech scale are the pale yellow insects. They lay their eggs there in the summer. Those eggs hatch and the young crawl into bark fissures on their natal tree or move to other trees with the assistance of wind or wildlife. It may take several years for the fungus to establish itself in scale-infested trees, but when it does, it forms cankers that kill patches of inner bark. Sometimes cankers expand and join together to girdle and kill a tree by choking off water and nutrients. Other times a tree will survive the onslaught. Occasionally trees are resistant to the scale insect. It is those trees that may provide hope for the future of this beautiful tree. On the other hand, when beeches regenerate after a scale infection, they usually resprout from the roots of dead trees, instead of from the nuts of resistant trees, and form thickets of small, weak trees genetically the same as those killed by beech scale and liable to succumb again to the disease. In Pennsylvania the disease has killed many beeches in northern Pennsylvania and has moved as far south as the Philadelphia area. But beech trees live from Nova Scotia to northern Florida and west to Wisconsin and Texas. Because the beech scale insect has gone only as far south as
55



Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011

Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011
Myths & Legends of the Whitetail
Contents
Keeper of the Game in Potter County
Like Father, Like Son
Saying Goodbye
Killing and Betrayal on South Mountain
Memories of a Beech
Junior Varsity Geezers
Knives
The Trapdoor Springfield
Hunting “Horns”
Filer Road Incident
WCO David L. Grove Laid to Rest
Field Notes
Conservation News
Off the Wire
Another View
Fun Game
The Naturalist’s Eye
Straight from the Bowstring
Lock, Stock & Barrel
Crossings
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Myths & Legends of the Whitetail
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Keeper of the Game in Potter County
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 4
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 5
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 6
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 7
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Like Father, Like Son
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 9
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Saying Goodbye
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 11
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Killing and Betrayal on South Mountain
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 13
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 14
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 15
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 16
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 17
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Memories of a Beech
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 19
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Junior Varsity Geezers
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 21
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 22
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Knives
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 24
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 25
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 26
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - The Trapdoor Springfield
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 28
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 29
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Hunting “Horns”
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 31
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Filer Road Incident
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 33
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 34
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 35
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 36
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - WCO David L. Grove Laid to Rest
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Field Notes
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 39
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 40
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 41
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 42
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Conservation News
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 44
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 45
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 46
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 47
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 48
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Off the Wire
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Another View
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 51
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Fun Game
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - The Naturalist’s Eye
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 54
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 55
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 56
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Straight from the Bowstring
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 58
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 59
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 60
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Lock, Stock & Barrel
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 62
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - 63
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Crossings
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Insert1
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Insert2
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Cover3
Pennsylvania Game News - Feburary 2011 - Cover4
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