Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 30
Age Limitations: Black bear teeth, like our own,
are replaced with permanent teeth at an early
age. For bears, the process is complete by
their first birthday; large canines are the last
to replace. Thus, cubs can be distinguished
easily from other bears by the status of their
canines. But after age 1, visual examination of
teeth becomes less precise. Fortunately, the cellular structure of adult teeth provides a nearly
exact measure of age, which is accomplished
by examining the tooth for annual growth rings.
Unlike those found in trees, tooth growth rings
are not visible to the naked eye. The tooth first
must be soaked in acid to decalcify it, then sliced
with a special tool into thin cross-sections. The
slices are stained with a dye to enhance the color contrast of the rings and then viewed under a microscope.
The entire process requires special training and a laboratory, which is why the Game Commission sends black bear teeth
to a lab for aging. Most years, we send 3,000 to 4,000 bear teeth to the lab, which
is why results often are not available to hunters until the following summer. For
this lab work, the bear tooth of choice is the first premolar, found immediately
behind the canine. It is a single-rooted, peg-like tooth that is about one-quarterinch long by one-eighth-inch wide. In 2015, 2,966 teeth from harvested bears
were aged. Forty-four turned out to be cubs and six couldn't be aged, because
of damage to the tooth. But the remaining 2,916 provide an interesting picture
of the harvest's age structure. There were bears in every age up to 19 years; the
oldest was 25. However, with increasing age came a decline in the number of
bears for the age-group. The results: 1,246 were 1-year-old; 643, 2 years; 310,
3 years; 189, 4 years; 151, 5 years; 97, 6 years; 81, 7 years; 56, 8 years; 39, 9
years; 30, 10 years; 21, 11 and 12 years; and less than 10, 13 to 19 years. This
distribution represents a healthy population and the age data derived from it are
used annually in population models and harvest monitoring.
- Mark Ternent, Black Bear Biologist
Blue Jay Way: The "common" birds often do "uncommon" things that add to
their appeal. While doing some research for a publication, I found out more about
30
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017
Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Intro
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Cover1
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 2
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 3
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 4
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 5
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 6
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 7
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 8
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 9
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 10
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 11
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 12
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 13
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 14
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 15
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 16
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 17
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 18
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 19
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 20
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 21
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 22
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 23
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 24
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 25
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 26
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 27
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 28
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 29
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 30
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 31
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 32
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 33
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 34
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 35
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 36
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 37
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 38
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 39
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 40
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 41
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 42
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 43
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 44
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 45
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 46
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 47
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 48
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 49
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 50
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 51
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 52
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 53
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 54
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 55
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 56
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 57
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 58
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 59
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 60
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 61
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 62
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 63
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - 64
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Cover3
Pennsylvania Game News - April 2017 - Cover4
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