Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018 - 44

www.pgc.pa.gov

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anywhere in Pennsylvania."
Consistent fawn survival, coupled
with consistent adult deer survival - 90
percent of adult deer survive from one
hunting season to the next, has fostered
straightforward deer management in
Pennsylvania for some time, Rosenberry
explained.
But even if the predator-take of fawns
did impact deer populations, reductions
in antlerless deer licenses would reverse
their influence, Rosenberry noted.
The three principal predators that
surfaced in the first study resurfaced in the
second: black bears, coyotes and bobcats,
said Duane Diefenbach, PCFWRU unit
leader. Despite growing concern about
fishers as deer predators, they didn't take
any fawns in the study. To date, no fisher
has ever killed a radio-collared study fawn
in North America, he noted.
In the 2015-17 study, 82 fawns
were captured and fitted with radio
collars on the northern study area on the
Susquehannock State Forest. Another
83 fawns were captured and radiocollared on the southern study area, which
included parts of the Rothrock and Bald
Eagle state forests.
There were 44 mortalities on the
northern study area: 33 from predators, six
from humans and five from natural causes.
Bears took 18 fawns; coyotes, eight;
bobcats, two; and unknown predator, five.
The southern study area had 38
mortalities: 18 from predators, 13 natural
causes and five from humans. Coyotes
took six fawns; bears, five; bobcats, five;
and unknown predator, two.

44

"Predation was the main source of
mortality," explained Tess Gingery, a Penn
State graduate student with the PCFWRU.
"It's that way across North America.
"Since Pennsylvania's fawn survival
shows little change over time, this means
that it's stable and that makes it simpler for
biologists to make harvest management
recommendations," she said.
Most fawn mortality occurred over
the first eight weeks of a fawn's life.
Conversely, most human-caused mortality
- roads, fences, farming activities and
hunting - occurred in the 25- to 30-week
window, Gingery said.
Natural mortality - starvation, disease,
abandonment - was more pronounced on
the southern study area in both the 200001 and 2015-17 studies.
Bears were detected in about 700 trailcam photos collected as part of the study,
making bears the most-detected major
carnivore. Interestingly, fawns - about 800
photos - were detected even more than
bears, which sheds light on their mobility,
as well as the closeness in which they live
to carnivores.
Adult deer were detected at 97 percent
of camera sites, and fawns at 44 percent.
But considering bears were detected at
64 percent of camera sites, followed by
coyotes, 36 percent, and bobcats, 33, it's
clear that fawns share habitat with major
predators throughout much of their young
lives.
Pennsylvania's latest fawn survival
study shows near identical fawn survival
rates over the last two decades and
corroborates the relatively stable fawnto-doe ratios collected from annual deer
harvests. Consequently, Pennsylvania's
predator impacts do not appear to be
changing, and if they would, the Game
Commission has a system in place to
respond, if needed.


http://www.pgc.pa.gov

Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018

Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018 - Cover1
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - August 2018 - 2
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