Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 63
Here on our mountain, hairy woodpeckers begin to excavate nest holes in
mid-April. The male - with his 10-percent
longer bill - does most of the work.
They mate during nest-building and
egg-laying.
The nest cavity is dug in a dead or
dying tree limb, 5 to 40 feet from the
ground, is 10 to 15 inches deep, with an
entrance hole 1¾ to 2 inches in diameter.
Its base contains a soft bed of wood chips
on which the female lays six to eight
white eggs.
Both parents incubate the eggs, the
male alternating with the female during
the day and incubating on his own
throughout the night.
After 11 to 12 days, young hatch and
remain in the nest for 28 to 30 days.
When nestlings are about 16 days old,
adults begin feeding them from outside
the nesting cavity. The nestlings climb up
to the nest entrance while their parents,
on a limb, poke their insect-crammed
bills into the bills of loudly chirping
youngsters.
I've located nests at this time, but the
chirping also can attract predators such
as black rat snakes, eastern screech owls,
European starlings, house sparrows and
red-bellied woodpeckers.
The nest hole is too small to admit
raccoons and gray squirrels, and adult
hairies keep them away with their formidable bills.
When I've watched nests, adult hairy
woodpeckers also were loud - emitting
rapid-fire queek, queek, queek calls for
10 minutes or more whenever I entered
their territory, and announcing their
impending arrival at the nest with far-off
calls that cause nestlings to chirp even
louder. When the nestlings are old enough
to fledge, the parents use a couple methods
to entice them from the nest. They'll hold
FEBRUARY 2019
Downy
food out of reach, forcing nestlings to lean
out a little too far, or starve them to the
point they're so hungry they'll tumble out.
After young fledge, parents continue to
care for them for up to six more weeks,
which is why they have only one brood a
year. Hairy woodpeckers are common and
widespread throughout their continentwide range, and in Pennsylvania, their
numbers increased from the first to the
second breeding bird atlasing periods.
The highest densities are in the forested
areas of central and northern Pennsylvania
and the lowest in the Piedmont and other
areas with sparse forest cover.
With an estimated 97,000 hairy
woodpeckers in Pennsylvania, we
should have ample chances to observe
these fascinating birds in our forests,
wooded yards, and at our birdfeeders
throughout the year.
63
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019
Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - Cover1
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - Cover2
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - Contents
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 2
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 3
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 4
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 5
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 6
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 7
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 8
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 9
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 10
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 11
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 12
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Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 14
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 15
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Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 19
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 20
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 21
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 22
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Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 24
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 25
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 26
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 27
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Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 60
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 61
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 62
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 63
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - 64
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - Cover3
Pennsylvania Game News - February 2019 - Cover4
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