SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 38
Table 5. Summary of adhesive properties*.
Summary Rheological and mechanical properties of the four adhesives evaluated in this work are summarized in Table 5 and plotted in Figure 7. HC/SS panels made from as-received adhesives were used in comparison. Adhesives with low minimum viscosities (AF-555M and FM-300K) tended to foam. The foaming, however, had marginal effect on strength values, presumably due to adequate surface wetting. Adhesives with a high minimum viscosity did not foam, and resulted in quite different FWT strengths and fracture failure modes between the FM 309-1M and XMTA-241/PM15 adhesives. It appears that a moderate minimum viscosity between 2,000 to 4,000 P is preferred as evident in the pre-treated AF-555M (TH-010510 in Table 2) and the FM 309-1M (TH-021010 in Table 4) adhesive results. In this viscosity range, the adhesive exhibited adequate fluidity for surface wetting under vacuum pressure, and the foaming reactions were sufficiently retarded/inhibited, resulting in high FWT strength values and the desired failure mode. Acknowledgement The authors gratefully acknowledge the contributions from colleagues at NASA Langley Research Center: Kelvin G. Boston for HC/SS panel fabrication, Louis E. Simmons for specimen preparation, and Janice Y. Smith for FWT strength measurements.
References 1. A.J. Berejka and C. Eberle “Electron Beam Curing of Composites in North America,” Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 63, Issues 3-6, pp. 551-556, March, 2002. 2. S.G. Advani and E. Murat Sozer, “Process Modeling in Composites Manufacturing,” Marcel Dekker, Inc, NY, NY 2003. 3. A. Brent Strong, “Fundamentals of Composites Manufacturing: Materials, Methods and Applications,” Society of Manufacturing Engineers, second edition, Dearborn, MI 2008. 4. D. Abraham, H. Matthews, and R. Mcllhagger, “A Comparison of Physical Properties of Glass Fibre Epoxy Composites Produced by Wet Lay-up with Autoclave Consolidation and Resin Transfer Moulding,” Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, Vol. 29-7, p. 795, 1998. 5. A.C. Loos, “Low-Cost Fabrication of Advanced Polymeric Composite by Resin Infusion Processes,” Advanced Composite Materials, Vol. 10, No. 2-3, 99, 2001. 6. “Scotch-Weld™ Structural Adhesive Film AF-555”, Technical Data Sheet, 3M Aerospace and Aircraft Maintenance Division, St. Paul, MN, October 2007. 7. Experimental Adhesive Received from Advanced Composites Group, Tulsa, OK.
Figure 6. 3-D SEM microphotographs of the fracture surfaces on the composite face sheet sides.
38 SAMPE Journal, Volume 47, No. 1, January/February 2011
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011
Contents
President’s Message
Technical Director’s Corner
Non-Autoclave (Prepreg) Manufacturing Technology for Primary Aerospace Structures
Corporate Partners
SAMPE Journal Editorial Calender
Welcome SAMPE’s Newest Members
The SAMPE Foundation
SAMPE 2011 Long Beach
Materials & Products
Europe News & Views
SAMPE Europe’s SEICO 2011, Paris
SAMPE Europe’s SETEC 2011, Leiden
Industry News
Evaluation of Sandwich Structure Bonding in Out-Of-Autoclave (OOA) Processing
SAMPE Tech 2010–A Review
SAMPE Books & CD’s Order Form
SAMPE Proceedings
SAMPE Fall Tech Conference-Call for Papers 2011
SAMPE LinkedIn Communities
Advertiser’s Index
Resource Center
SAMPE Upcoming Conferences
Chapter Meetings Dates and Contacts
Industry Events Calendar
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 2
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - President’s Message
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Technical Director’s Corner
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 5
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Non-Autoclave (Prepreg) Manufacturing Technology for Primary Aerospace Structures
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 7
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 8
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 9
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 10
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 11
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 12
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 13
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Journal Editorial Calender
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 15
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Welcome SAMPE’s Newest Members
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 17
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - The SAMPE Foundation
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE 2011 Long Beach
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Materials & Products
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - 23
SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Europe News & Views
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Europe’s SEICO 2011, Paris
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Europe’s SETEC 2011, Leiden
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Evaluation of Sandwich Structure Bonding in Out-Of-Autoclave (OOA) Processing
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Tech 2010–A Review
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - SAMPE Fall Tech Conference-Call for Papers 2011
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SAMPE Journal - January/February 2011 - Cover3
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