SAMPE Journal - July/August 2020 - 42
FEATURE / HIGH TEMPER ATURE AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS
sion strength, interlaminar shear stress and open
hole compression strength properties at room
temperature in both the dry and wet condition. As
the test temperature increases above about 120°C
both 2895 and 2896 begin to outperform 2894, particularly in the wet condition as shown in Tables 3,
4 and 5. This can be attributed to the higher glass
transition temperatures of 2895 and 2896. The impact of these increases in glass transition temperature can be seen in the composite properties where
2894 tends to outperform 2895 and 2896 at room
temperature, but as the test temperature increases,
2895 and 2896 begin to outperform 2894 particularly under wet conditions.
When the neat resin properties are reviewed,
the property that could help explain this phenomena is tensile modulus which for 2894 is 3.2 GPa
whereas the higher service temperature resins 2895
and 2896 have lower resin modulus values of 2.8
and 2.7 GPa respectively. It is believed the lower
resin modulus of 2895 and 2896 contribute to the
lower composite properties at low temperatures.
To address this modulus reduction, 3M™ Matrix
Resin 4891 with nanosilica modification has been
developed which increases the resin modulus to
4.91 GPa. This silica modification did not significantly affect the RTM processability of the resin as
is evidenced in the minimum viscosity of 75 mPa·s
versus 35-62 mPa·s for the other systems as depicted in Table 2. Presumably due to resin modulus,
4891 outperforms 2894, 2895 and 2896 from room
temperature throughout the temperature range
tested in composite compression strength, interlaminar shear stress and open hole compression
strength particularly at elevated temperatures and
most impressively in the wet condition. These results are no doubt also partially a result of 4891
having the highest glass transition temperature of
the series (197°C/186°C).
The room temperature composite toughness
results are shown in Table 6. Despite the somewhat lower neat resin toughness KIC value of 1.74
MPa·m1/2, 2894 measured the highest composite GIC
value of the series, 948 J/m2. The GIIC results are less
linear for the series. Resin 2894 also recorded the
highest compression strength after impact of 316
THERMOPLASTIC
TUTORIAL SERIES
17 EPISODES FEATURING
ARNT OFFRINGA,
Head of Thermoplastic
Composites Technology,
Fokker, GKN Aerospace
SAMPE members get free access to this video series. Sign into your account at nasampe.org
and find it under the Resources tab. If you're not a member, join today.
42
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SAMPE Journal - July/August 2020
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - July/August 2020
Table of contents
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SAMPE Journal - July/August 2020 - Table of contents
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SAMPE Journal - July/August 2020 - Cover3
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