SAMPE Journal - November/December 2021 - 33

Figure 10. Width and depth of the HAZ of the Ø2.2mm nozzle at T=270°C, vD=30mm/min, dD
and =dD
0.5mm.
to its conical shape, the planar V6 nozzle probably
introduces a similar width to the Ø2.2mm nozzle
into the sintered component, although the planar
face has an Ø1.25mm. However, the depth is less,
which again is consistent with the time for heat
conduction and energy input. The concave nozzle
has a wide HAZ but shallow depth, as heat transfer
decreases in the center due to the shape of the
nozzle. This results in a wide and shallow HAZ.
Accordingly, the ratio of the width and depth of the
HAZ can be influenced by the size of the surface
and the nozzle geometry.
Influence of Temperature on HAZ
Figure 9 shows that a wider and deeper HAZ is
formed with higher temperatures. The following
samples were produced with the planer nozzle
(Ø6mm)
at dD
=0.25mm
and vD
The samples were produced at TD
=60mm/min.
=270°C and at
TD=330°C. At a higher nozzle temperature, the
energy input to the component increases, resulting
in an expansion of width and depth of the HAZ for
the same transfer time. The effect of temperature
had a significant impact on the width and depth of
the HAZ for each nozzle.
Influence of the Nozzle Distance on HAZ
The following samples in Figure 10 (right) were
produced using the planar nozzle (Ø2.2mm)
at TD
=270°C, vD
dD
=0.25mm and dD
Ø2.2mm nozzle were determined at a factor step
combination of TD
=270°C, vD
distance of dD
=0.25mm and dD
performing the
=30mm/min and a
=0.5mm.
Evaluation of the Standard Deviations
While
influence
analysis,
the
following sources of error were identified, which
influenced the standard deviation of the results:
* The test setup is not a closed system, i.e.
cold ambient air can flow to the post-sintered
process zone.
* The sample is not surrounded by unsintered
powder. The heat accumulates at the end faces
of the specimen, which resulted in a widening
of the HAZ.
* Inaccuracies in the test setup as well as in
the sample (not exact temperature control of
the heating mat and nozzle, different sample
thicknesses) lead to an additional uncertainty.
=0.25mm
Figure 11. Fibre integration samples at TD
vD=30mm/min (left), vD
=260°C and dD
=42mm/min (middle) and vD
=0.3mm with
=60mm/min (right).
=30mm/min and a distance of
=0.5mm.
For a larger distance, a significant reduction
of the HAZ dimensions can be seen. A significant
influence on the width and depth of the HAZ
can be attested to the spacing for the Ø6mm and
Ø2.2mm nozzle, but the scope of the experiment
was probably too small to be able to make more
precise statements about the concave and V6
nozzle. The values shown in Figure 10 (left) for the
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NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2021
|
SAMPE JOURNAL |
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2021

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