SAMPE Journal - November/December 2021 - 59

constrained only in the direction perpendicular to
the top surface of the beams. The intrinsic material
properties for the regions which contained carbon
fiber was set according to Equation [1].
The tensile test was not explicitly simulated
since we have assumed that the strain between
fiber and polymer matrix is ideally transferred. In
that case it is possible to use equation (1) directly
to calculate the theoretically predicted elastic
properties of the printed specimens.
RESULTS
Effect of Fiber Layout in Flat Geometries
In a first step, the effect of fiber volume fraction
and fiber layout on the mechanical performance
of flat samples was experimentally investigated.
Therefore, thin rectangular beams were printed
that consisted of a number of layers in which
carbon fibers were integrated in the PETG matrix
parallel to the length of the beam, as schematically
shown in Figure 1. The fiber volume fraction was
varied in two different ways: one in which different
layers contained either fiber reinforced PETG or
unfilled PETG (called the sandwich layout) and
another in which all layers of the sample contained
the same (varied) amount of fibers, on the sides
Figure 4. Tensile modulus of flat samples with varying fiber volume fraction.
of the layers (called the perimeter layout). Also, a
reference PETG sample not containing any carbon
fiber was included in the study. All geometries
were subjected to two different load conditions:
(a) tensile loading parallel to the length of the
beam (and the fibers), (b) dynamic flexural loading
perpendicular to the length of the beam (and the
fibers). Experimental data were compared with
the predictions of the theoretical and numerical
models described above.
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SAMPE Journal - November/December 2021

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