SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 17
energy dissipation before catastrophic failure and
21% increase in perforation energy.
DISCUSSION
Prepreg and Autoclave - Helicoid
vs
Conventional QI Monolithic Laminates
Helicoid monolithic NFRP (FH7.5 and FH15)
achieved higher performance than conventional
FQI. Specifically, FH7.5 achieved up to 21%
higher peak load, 69% delay in occurrence of
catastrophic failure and 104% higher energy
dissipation before the occurrence of catastrophic
failure compared (see Table 2 and Figure 4b).
The smoother transition in fiber orientations
provided by the Helicoid architecture allows to
reduce interlaminar stresses, which in turn delays
the occurrence of delamination and promote the
progressive diffusion of subcritical damage in the
form of matrix cracks20,21
. The progressive damage
diffusion is exemplified by the softening observed
in the load displacement curve before the peak
load (see Figure 4b). Furthermore, Figure 2 shows
that the FQI failure morphology is characterized
by a highly localized cross-shaped fracture, with
extensive fiber failure. On the contrary, FH7.5 is
characterized by several matrix splits and a much
more diffused damage which increases the overall
volumetric energy dissipation of the composite.
This has resulted in a 43% increase in perforation
energy.
Compared to conventional GQI, Helicoid
monolithic GFRP (GH) achieved 38% higher peak
load, 73% delayed catastrophic failure and 145%
higher energy dissipation before the occurrence
of catastrophic failure (see Table 2 and Figure 4).
Similarly, to the observations made with Helicoid
and conventional QI NFRPs, Figure 2 shows that
GH was characterized by diffused damage at the
back side of the laminate with several matrix splits.
This is in opposition to GQI which shows a crossshaped
failure with a fracture highly localized
around two main fracture planes. The Helicoid
ability of diffusing damage while retaining high
load-bearing capability has led to a 48% increase in
the energy required to perforate the laminate.
The results of the monolithic GFRP and
NFRP taken together highlight the versatility of
Helicoid technology to improve performances of
Complete Ultrasonic Systems Integraon
For Your High-performance Materials
System Design, Fabrication, Installation,
Start-up, Testing, Commissioning
* Multi-axis immersion tanks and gantries
* New construction and system upgrades
* C-scan and full waveform compatible
* Conventional and phased array inspection
Matec Instrument Companies, Inc. | Northborough, MA | 1-508-393-0155 | sales@matec.com | matec.com
www. sampe.org
MARCH APRIL 2023
|
SAMPE JOURNAL |
17
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http://www.sampe.org
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 3
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 4
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 5
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 6
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 7
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 14
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 15
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 16
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 17
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 18
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 19
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 20
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 21
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 22
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 25
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 26
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 28
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 29
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 30
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 31
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 33
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 34
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 35
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 37
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover3
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover4
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