SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 33
Figure 2. SPI peak exothermic temperature of DTO vinyl ester resins.
Mechanical Properties of DTO Vinyl Ester
Resins
Clear castings were prepared with mixtures of
resin with 1.25 % MEKP initiator and 0.15% Cobalt
(15%) and 0.15% N, N-Dimethylaniline (DMA) as
promoters, and curing was then performed at room
temperature for overnight and then post-curing for
2 hours at 100°C. Shore D hardness was determined
with a Shore D durometer. Physical properties
were analyzed at room temperature using an
Instron machine. A conventional Bisphenol A
epoxy dimethacrylate (BPAEM) was selected for
comparison. Results in Table 3 show that the new
DTO vinyl ester resins: 1250, 1260, 1270 and 1280,
have a bio-content of 27% - 33%, low styrene
content, comparable
hardness,
slightly
higher
tensile elongation and acceptable tensile strength
and modulus, compared to the conventional
BPAEM which contains 15% styrene and zero biocontent.
Among all the DTO vinyl ester samples,
the resin 1260 shows the highest tensile strength
and elongation values, which are also comparable
to those of the control sample.
Table 3. Physical properties of clear casting resins.
Sample ID
Bio-content (%)
Styrene Content (%)
Shore D Hardness
Tensile Strength (psi)
Tensile Modulus (kpsi)
% Elongation at Break
Surface Tackiness
Polymer Shrinkage (%)
www. sampe.org
1250
28
7.5
82
3134
252
1.41
1.7
1260
27
7.5
84
4130
291
1.63
1.7
Surface tackiness was measured by both finger
and paper touch on the surface after curing, and
rating from 0 (no tacky) to 5 (very tacky). The liner
shrinkage was measured for the length change in
the mold before and after curing. As shown in the
Table 3, the new bio-based DTO vinyl ester resins
have significantly improved surface cure and no
tack after cure, and much lower polymer shrinkage,
compared to the conventional BPAEM.
Thermal Properties and Boiling Water
Resistance
Clear cast samples were prepared, and their glass
transition temperature (Tg
) and boiling water
resistance were determined. Glass transition
temperature (Tg
) was measured by dynamic
mechanical analysis using TA instruments DHR2
Rheometer along with the three-point bending
test fixtures. The boiling water absorption and
hot wet Tg
were measured as follows: the cured
samples of 11 x 44 mm were placed into boiling
water. After 24 hours in boiling water, the samples
were taken out and dried by paper towel, weighed
1270
32
7.5
84
3246
246
1.55
1.7
1280
33
7.5
87
3676
335
1.30
1.7
BPAEM
15
84
4572
372
1.27
4
3.0
MARCH APRIL 2023
|
SAMPE JOURNAL |
33
http://www.sampe.org
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023
Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover1
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Contents
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 2
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 3
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 4
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 30
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 31
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 32
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 33
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 34
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 35
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 36
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - 37
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SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover3
SAMPE Journal - March/April 2023 - Cover4
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